中医学报2025，Vol.40Issue(10)：2035-2055,21.DOI:10.16368/j.issn.1674-8999.2025.10.322
地黄化学成分及药理作用研究进展
Research Progress on Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Effects of Dihuang(Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.)
摘要
Abstract
To date,more than 300 compounds have been isolated and identified from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.From the perspective of chemical composition distribution characteristics,significant differences exist in the types of components among different processed prod-ucts and parts of R.glutinosa.The fresh roots of R.glutinosa contains a relatively large number of compound types,and processing tech-niques have a significant impact on the types and quantities of compounds-most components decrease as the processing degree deepens.In addition,although the leaves and roots of R.glutinosa share consistency in the types of chemical components(both containing iridoids,phenylethanoids,ionones,etc.),differences are observed in the types and contents of monomer components.Moreover,they exhibit unique part-specificity in the distribution of some compounds(such as nitrogen-containing compounds,sesquiterpenoids,lignans).Iridoids,phenylethanoid glycosides,and polysaccharides in R.glutinosa are the main material basis for its pharmacological effects,which possess multiple pharmacological activities such as hypoglycemic,anti-osteoporotic,anti-tumor,and anti-inflammatory effects.Future research directions can focus on the following aspects:the first is directional breeding and gene editing.Based on excellent varieties,the key genes regulating the biosynthesis of active components(including iridoids,ionones,phenylethanoids,and sesquiterpenoids)should be accurately located relying on their genetic advantages.Targeted modification via gene editing should be conducted to achieve variety improvement.Meanwhile,high-density genetic linkage maps should be constructed using the genetic differences among different varieties,and the rele-vant quantitative trait loci(QTL)should be analyzed,thereby providing molecular genetic basis for the directional breeding of elite R.glu-tinosa varieties.The second is pharmacological optimization based on component specificity.According to the component characteristics of different varieties,the mechanism of action in specific diseases and the synergistic effect of multiple components should be explored,so as to provide a basis for"syndrome differentiation-based variety selection"in clinical practice.关键词
地黄/化学成分/药理作用/鲜地黄/生地黄/熟地黄/地黄叶Key words
Rehmannia glutinosa/chemical composition/pharmacological effect/fresh roots of R.glutinosa/dry roots of R.glutinosa/Re-hmanniae Radix Praeparata/leaves of R.glutinosa分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
冯卫生..地黄化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].中医学报,2025,40(10):2035-2055,21.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1702800) （2017YFC1702800）
河南省重大科技专项项目(171100310500) （171100310500）
