华中农业大学学报2025，Vol.44Issue(5)：13-24,12.DOI:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.05.002
长江中下游主栽水稻磷高效品种筛选及其生理生化特征
Screening phosphorus efficient rice varieties mainly planted in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and its physiological and biochemical characteristics
摘要
Abstract
57 rice varieties mainly planted in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River were used to study the mechanism of differences in phosphorus utilization efficiency(PUE)among rice varieties.Hydroponic culture was used to screen phosphorus efficiency.The selected phosphorus-efficient and phos-phorus-inefficient rice varieties were used to analyze differences in growth,yield formation,absorption and utilization of phosphorus,the activity of acid phosphatase and expression level of related genes with experi-ments including hydroponic culture,soil pot,and field plot.The results showed that the phosphorus efficient and phosphorus inefficient variety was identified through screening as Quanyou 879(39#)and Changliangy-ou 8(21#).The architecture of root system and biomass of phosphorus efficient variety were better than those of phosphorus inefficient variety under both+P and-P treatments,with significantly higher plant height,total surface area and volume of roots,number of root tips,and dry weight of roots and shoots.The effective number of spikes,spike length,thousand-grain weight,seed setting rate,and grain yield of phos-phorus efficient variety were higher than those of phosphorus inefficient variety.The absorption and utiliza-tion of phosphorus in phosphorus efficient variety was significantly higher than that in phosphorus inefficient variety.The accumulation of phosphorus in roots and shoots,the absorption of phosphorus,use efficiency and utilization index of phosphorus in phosphorus efficient variety were all significantly higher than those in phosphorus inefficient variety.The expression level of OsPHR2,OsmiR399,OsPT6,and OsPAP10 genes in roots of phosphorus efficient variety under-P condition was higher than that of phosphorus inefficient variety.The activity of acid phosphatase in both roots and root surface of phosphorus efficient variety under both+P and-P treatments was significantly higher than that of phosphorus inefficient variety.It is indicat-ed that the excellent architecture of root,stronger absorption capacity and utilization ability of phosphorus,the higher ability of releasing organic phosphorus into inorganic phosphorus to improve the phosphorus avail-ability to plants are important characteristics of phosphorus efficient variety.关键词
水稻/磷利用效率/根系构型/磷吸收利用/基因表达/酸性磷酸酶活性/产量Key words
rice/phosphoru utilization efficiency/architecture of root system/phosphorus utilization efficiency(PUE)/gene expression/activity of acid phosphatase/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
马晓诺,侯星宇,蔡红梅..长江中下游主栽水稻磷高效品种筛选及其生理生化特征[J].华中农业大学学报,2025,44(5):13-24,12.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901203) （2021YFD1901203）
