华中农业大学学报2025，Vol.44Issue(5)：60-68,9.DOI:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.05.006
施氮水平对甘蓝型油菜农艺性状的影响及氮高效基因型筛选
Effects of nitrogen application rate on agronomic traits of Brassica napus L.and screening of nitrogen-efficient genotypes
摘要
Abstract
A Field experiment was conducted on 14 genotypes of Brassica napus L.with gradient ni-trogen treatments including nitrogen fertilizer application rates of high nitrogen 210 kg/hm²,low nitrogen 70 kg/hm²,and no nitrogen application 0 kg/hm² to screen nitrogen-efficient varieties of B.napus to reduce the dependence on nitrogen fertilizer and promote the green production.Agronomic traits,seed yield,and nitrogen efficiency related indexes including partial factor productivity of nitrogen(PFPN)and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen(AEN)were measured.The nitrogen efficiency was comprehensively evaluated based on correlation analysis of agronomic traits and classification of nitrogen efficiency types.The results showed that there were more significant differences in the response of different genotypes of B.napus L.to nitrogen under the low nitrogen treatment,with significant differentiation in nitrogen efficiency related indexes.The mean value of PFPN and AEN reached 2.75 times and 2.30 times higher than that under the high nitrogen treatment,respectively.The dual highly-efficient genotypes of B.napus L.with significantly higher seed yield than the average yield of all genotypes tested at corresponding nitrogen rate under the high and low ni-trogen treatments were screened.PFPN and AEN were stable and excellent,maintaining high levels under the high and low nitrogen treatments(PFPN≥12 kg/kg,AEN≥5 kg/kg under the high nitrogen treat-ment;PFPN≥30 kg/kg,AEN≥10 kg/kg under the low nitrogen treatment).The low nitrogen-efficient genotypes achieved a PFPN of 50.61 kg/kg and an AEN of 43.92 kg/kg under the low nitrogen treatment.The high nitrogen-efficient genotypes performed prominently only under the high nitrogen treatment.Nitro-gen application regulated correlations among agronomic traits,with enhanced the positive correlations be-tween aboveground dry weight,number of siliques,and seed yield under nitrogen application.The propor-tion of dual highly-efficient genotypes was 28.57%,with stable accumulation of biomass.The low nitro-gen-efficient genotypes adapted to the low nitrogen treatment by exhibiting high thousand-seed weight and seeds per silique.It is indicated that dual highly-efficient and low nitrogen-efficient varieties of B.napus L.can provide valuable germplasm for the genetic improvement of nitrogen use efficiency and the development of cultivation strategies to reduce fertilizer and improve efficiency in B.napus L..关键词
甘蓝型油菜/氮效率/氮肥偏生产力/氮肥农学效率/农艺性状/基因型筛选/减肥增效Key words
Brassica napus L./nitrogen use efficiency/partial factor productivity of nitrogen(PF-PN)/agronomic efficiency of nitrogen(AEN)/agronomic traits/genotype screening/reduction of fertiliz-er and improvement of efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
任璐璐,李双,张浩,王丹丹,王创,石磊,徐芳森,丁广大..施氮水平对甘蓝型油菜农艺性状的影响及氮高效基因型筛选[J].华中农业大学学报,2025,44(5):60-68,9.基金项目
农业生物育种国家科技重大专项(2023ZD04072) （2023ZD04072）
