华中农业大学学报2025，Vol.44Issue(5)：107-117,11.DOI:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.05.011
水牛奶和奶牛奶中的氨基酸差异分析及营养评价
Differences in amino acids and nutritional value in milk from buffalo and dairy cow
摘要
Abstract
The content of free amino acids(FAA)and hydrolytic amino acids(HAA)in 30 samples of buffalo milk and 70 samples of dairy cow milk were detected with an amino acid automatic analyzer to study the content and composition of FAA and HAA in buffalo milk and dairy cow milk.The differences in amino acid between buffalo milk and dairy cow milk were compared in terms of four aspects including the composition,nutritional evaluation,characteristics of flavor,and medicinal evaluation.A partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLSDA)was used to establish a classification model for buffalo milk and dairy cow milk with the percentage of FAA and HAA as input variables.The results showed that the total amount of FAA and HAA in buffalo milk and dairy cow milk was 120.93 μg/g and 98.19 μg/g,and 4.21 g/100 g and 2.95 g/100 g,respectively.The absolute content of 16 HAA in buffalo milk was significantly higher than that in dairy cow milk(P<0.05),and the percentage content was similar to that in dairy cow milk.The absolute content of other 14 FAA except for Asp,Thr and Glu in buffalo milk was significantly higher than that of dairy cow milk(P<0.05),with a big difference in the characteristics of the percentage content.Buffalo milk was rich in umami and sweet amino acids,with significantly higher content of essen-tial amino acids(EAA),branched chain amino acids(BCAA),and medicinal amino acids(MAA)com-pared to that in dairy cow milk(P<0.05).The ratio of EAA total amino acids(TAA)and the ratio of EAA to non-essential amino acids(NEAA)was 40%and 76%,higher than the standard of ideal protein,indicating that proteins in both buffalo milk and dairy cow milk are high-quality proteins.The nutritional val-ue of protein in buffalo milk was higher than that in dairy cow milk.The amino acid score of protein in buf-falo milk was higher than 100 under the amino acid score model of the population except infants,with the accuracy of the species discrimination model of 100%.It is indicated that buffalo milk has high value of pro-tein,rich in umami and sweet amino acids that regulate milk flavor,EAA,BCAA,and MAA that im-prove functions of human body,with great market potential for comprehensive development and utilization.In addition,the composition of amino acids in buffalo milk and dairy cow milk each has its own characteris-tics,and the characteristics of amino acids can be used to identify the authenticity of milk sources.关键词
水牛奶/奶牛奶/水解氨基酸/游离氨基酸/主成分分析/偏最小二乘判别分析Key words
buffalo milk/dairy cow milk/hydrolytic amino acids(HAA)/free amino acids(FAA)/principal component analysis(PCA)/partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLSDA)分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李委奇,褚楚,温佩佩,王东薇,曾稳兵,杨利国,李建明,张淑君..水牛奶和奶牛奶中的氨基酸差异分析及营养评价[J].华中农业大学学报,2025,44(5):107-117,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(2023YFD1300401) （2023YFD1300401）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662023DKPY001) （2662023DKPY001）
