热带地理2025，Vol.45Issue(9)：1510-1524,15.DOI:10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20250174
飞地经济如何影响县域创新水平
Estimating the Impacts of an Enclave Economy on County-Level Innovation Using a Multi-Period Difference-in-Differences Model
摘要
Abstract
Counties in the Yangtze River Delta face considerable pressure from industrial transformation.In addition,an enclave economy has substantial value for enhancing county-level innovation capacity and advancing industrial upgrades.Enclave economies facilitate the flow of innovation resources into counties and strengthen collaborative innovations between counties and central cities.However,the effectiveness of these innovations is constrained by factors such as benefit-sharing mechanisms and each county's capacity to absorb innovation resources.Thus,systematic empirical research is urgently required to evaluate their impacts.This study focused on Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces,where exploration of the enclave economy in the Yangtze River Delta region has been the most advanced.Using a multi-period Difference-In-Differences(DID)model,we examined how establishing enclave industrial parks from 2001 to 2022 influenced county-level innovation outputs,as well as the heterogeneity of these impacts across forward and reverse enclave models and different county types.The findings indicate that the enclave economy exerted an overall positive impact on county-level innovation,and a larger number of enclave parks corresponded to more pronounced increases in innovation.Multiple robustness tests confirmed the reliability of these results.In addition,nationally ranked top-100 counties demonstrated considerably higher susceptibilities to the positive effects of enclave economies compared with those of non-top-100 counties,likely because relatively developed counties have better environments to support innovation,which facilitates the absorption and transformation of innovation resource flows triggered by enclave park construction.Forward enclaves,which are characterized by earlier initiation and more mature mechanisms,had a markedly superior effect on enhancing county innovation compared with that of reverse enclaves,even though reverse enclaves theoretically exert a more direct and effective impact on county-level innovation.Enclave parks co-constructed by national ministries and local governments,by local governments alone,or between development zones were also more likely to positively influence county innovation than those involving other entities.This may occur because these actors primarily exist within the public sector and share homogenous policy agendas and preferences;thus,collaboration among them is more conducive to reducing communication and coordination costs,thereby enhancing their role in boosting county-level innovation.These results suggest that future efforts should prioritize enhancing the capacities of less-developed counties to absorb innovation resources and direct more policy support towards innovative models,such as reverse enclaves and university-satellite industrial parks.Less-developed counties should address their own developmental foundations and capacity to accommodate innovative resources in the construction of enclave economies,avoid impatience,and emphasize nurturing an environment conducive to innovation.However,compared with forward enclaves,which are characterized by industrial gradient transfer,reverse enclaves have stronger attributes for technological innovation,aiming to promote county-level industrial transformation by incubating innovative enterprises.Given reverse enclaves'shorter construction period and associated inadequate mechanism exploration,it is necessary to provide more policy support and assess their actual effects over a longer timescale.Similarly,because universities are a crucial component of the triple-helix model of innovation,enclave parks co-constructed with universities hold greater potential for boosting county-level innovation than those co-established with other actors.Therefore,barriers related to park management,technology transfer,and funding support for universities and research institutions should be addressed promptly to amplify their spillover effects on county-level innovation activities.关键词
飞地经济/县域/创新/双重差分模型/长三角Key words
enclave economy/county/innovation/difference-in-differences model/Yangtze River Delta分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
李鲁奇,冯忠环,虞晓芬,王腾飞..飞地经济如何影响县域创新水平[J].热带地理,2025,45(9):1510-1524,15.基金项目
教育部人文社会科学研究项目"区域共同富裕背景下飞地经济对县域产业发展的带动效应研究:以长三角为例"(23YJC630084) （23YJC630084）
国家自然科学基金项目"开发区跨界合作网络的形成机理与区域效应:以三大城市群为例"(42301183) （42301183）
宁波大学浙江省陆海国土空间利用与治理协同创新中心开放课题"中国沿海地区陆海多要素耦合协调机制与优化路径研究"(LHGTXT-2025-002) （LHGTXT-2025-002）
