热带地理2025，Vol.45Issue(9)：1630-1643,14.DOI:10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20250509
1981-2020年中国热带气旋降雨特征及降雨侵蚀力时空变化
Characteristics and Spatiotemporal Variations in Tropical Cyclone Rainfall and Rainfall Erosivity in China from 1981 to 2020
摘要
Abstract
Tropical cyclones frequently affect China.However,tropical cyclone rainfall studies in China have mostly focused on the characteristics of and variations in annual rainfall;research on the tropical cyclone rainfall event characteristics and trends remains relatively scarce.Tropical cyclone rainfall is often highly erosive,which negatively impacts regional water erosion processes.However,almost no research has been conducted on the rainfall erosivity of tropical cyclones in Chinese Mainland.The hourly rainfall and tropical cyclone path data from 1,097 meteorological stations affected by tropical cyclones in Chinese Mainland were analyzed from 1981 to 2020.The basic characteristics of and spatiotemporal variations in the tropical cyclone rainfall and rainfall erosivity in Chinese Mainland under climate change were analyzed.The main findings were as follows:1)The furthest station affected by tropical cyclones in Chinese Mainland was located in northeastern China,1,228 km away from the coastline.The average annual contribution of tropical cyclone rainfall to the total rainfall per station was 9.14%for stations in areas with frequent tropical cyclones(Shanghai,Zhejiang,Fujian,Guangdong,and Hainan).Tropical cyclone rainfall contributed 11.85%on average to the annual rainfall erosivity.Less than one tropical cyclone rainfall event occurred per year in the northern regions.However,the average annual contributions of tropical cyclone rainfall to total rainfall and rainfall erosivity in this area were 14.16%and 17%during cyclonic years,respectively,with the highest contributions of 32%and 72%,respectively.Tropical cyclone rainfall,when occurring in northern regions,may pose higher risks of erosion and danger to humans.2)Tropical cyclone rainfall in Chinese Mainland tended to increase with increasing rainfall amount,duration,intensity,and erosivity.The tropical cyclone event rainfall duration,highest hourly rainfall event intensity,and event rainfall amount significantly increased over the study period,increasing by 3.53%/10 a(P<0.1)、2.89%/10 a(P<0.1)、and 7.3%/10 a(P<0.1),respectively.Tropical cyclone rainfall events in China may pose more severe erosion risks under climate change.3)The trends in various parameters were analyzed at 183 stations where tropical cyclones were frequent.These stations had been affected by tropical cyclones for over 30 years and experienced more than one tropical cyclone per year.The tropical cyclone rainfall(rainfall amount,duration,and average rainfall intensity per event)and erosivity(highest hourly rainfall intensity and rainfall erosivity per event)indicators increased over time at these stations.The highest hourly rainfall intensity and event rainfall erosivity trended upward over time at 78%of these stations,and more than 10%of all stations showed upward trends in these two indicators(P<0.05),with most of these stations located in northeastern Fujian Province and the coastal regions in Zhejiang Province.Increases in tropical cyclone rainfall amounts and rainfall erosivity will likely further intensify the erosion risk in these regions because the stations with upward trends in the indicators are mainly located in densely populated and developed coastal regions.The water erosion risk posed by extreme rainfall induced by tropical cyclones in Chinese Mainland will further increase under climate change.The implementation of targeted soil and water conservation measures should be strengthened,regardless of whether tropical cyclone rainfall is frequent,in areas affected by tropical cyclones in Chinese Mainland.关键词
热带气旋/降雨侵蚀力/气候变化/极端降雨事件/土壤侵蚀/中国Key words
tropical cyclone/rainfall erosivity/climate change/extreme rainfall events/soil erosion/China分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
周思含,王文婷,温美丽..1981-2020年中国热带气旋降雨特征及降雨侵蚀力时空变化[J].热带地理,2025,45(9):1630-1643,14.基金项目
广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(2021B0301030007) （2021B0301030007）
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42307424) （42307424）
国家自然科学基金专项项目(42442031) （42442031）
