天然气工业2025，Vol.45Issue(9)：1-18,18.DOI:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2025.09.001
二氧化碳长输管道关键技术进展与发展方向
Progress and prospect of long-distance CO2 pipeline technology
摘要
Abstract
A large-scale CO2 pipeline network is urgently required for achieving carbon neutrality in the context of"dual carbon"goals.In this aspect,however,China started late and faces multiple challenges,such as complex composition of industrial CO2,difficult phase control during transportation,unclear corrosion and prevention mechanisms,and unavailability of technical standard system,which restricts the high-quality development.Considering the National Key R&D Program during the 14th Five Year Plan period and the Qilu Petrochemical&Shengli Oilfield million-ton-level CCUS demonstration project,this paper systematically investigates key scientific issues in pipeline transportation of supercritical CO2,such as flow assurance,corrosion mechanism and control,pipeline safety and crack prevention,and builds several models for impurity-containing CO2 physical property calculation,hydrothermal simulation,corrosion prediction and leakage diffusion,depending on multi-impurity coupling,variable operating conditions and complex topography.The following results are obtained.First,the impacts of major impurities(H2O,O2,CH4,N2)on CO2 phase and properties are identified,and the impurity content control indexes applicable to engineering design are defined.Second,the mechanism of CO2 corrosion in the presence of multiple impurities is revealed,and the CO2 corrosion prevention and control technology represented by intelligent cathodic protection system is innovatively developed,yielding a measured pipeline corrosion rate lower than 0.03 mm/a.Third,the properties of crack extension induced by pressure reduction in supercritical CO2 pipeline are clarified,and the pipeline arrest toughness evaluation method based on full-size test is proposed.Fourth,some domestic key equipment like liquid CO2 booster pump and dense-phase injection pump are developed,and the technical standard system for CO2 pipeline transportation is primarily established.It is concluded that the proposed technical standard system and engineering practice will provide critical theoretical support and technical reference for safe,efficient and extensive construction and operation of long-distance supercritical CO2 pipeline in China,thereby facilitating the regional CCUS industrial cluster infrastructures.It is recommended to,from the national perspective,strengthen the top-level design,take further efforts to cutting-edge technologies such as high-precision simulation,AI-based corrosion control and multi-source pipeline network optimization,improve the full-chain standards/specifications in a faster manner,and make a proactive planning for combined onshore+offshore pipeline network,during the 15th Five Year Plan period,in order to lay a solid foundation for achieving the goal of carbon neutrality by 2060.关键词
二氧化碳/长输管道/流动保障/腐蚀与控制/管输安全/CCUSKey words
CO2/Long-distance pipeline/Flow assurance/Corrosion and control/Pipeline safety/CCUS分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
李阳,赵清民,张建,范振宁,潘杰,李清方,陈磊,李萌,张俊朋,张湘玮,梁海宁..二氧化碳长输管道关键技术进展与发展方向[J].天然气工业,2025,45(9):1-18,18.基金项目
深地国家科技重大专项项目"深部CO2封存空间高效监测技术研究及示范"(编号:2024ZD1004300)、国家重点研发计划项目"区域二氧化碳捕集与封存关键技术研发与示范战略性科技创新合作"项目(编号:2022YFE0206800)、中国博士后科学基金项目"面向密相二氧化碳/水交替腐蚀环境的界面增强型化学转化膜在管线钢表面的可控构筑"(编号:2024M753809). （编号:2024ZD1004300）
