信号处理2025，Vol.41Issue(9)：1478-1493,16.DOI:10.12466/xhcl.2025.09.003
基于多维Kronecker积的低秩稳健超指向性波束形成方法
Low-Rank Robust Superdirective Beamforming Using Multidimensional Kronecker Products
摘要
Abstract
Superdirective beamformers exhibit high spatial directivity and can therefore effectively suppress spatially iso-tropic noise,playing a key role in speech communication,far-field pickup,and other scenarios.However,because they are highly sensitive to array imperfections and self-noise,the lack of robustness limits their practical applications.To im-prove their robustness,a trade-off between high directivity and robustness is typically required,such as using diagonal loading factors to constrain white noise gain.However,as the number of microphones increases,conventional robust su-perdirective beamformers become less efficient owing to excessive parameter redundancy.Kronecker product beamform-ing offers a computationally efficient solution that enhances the robustness of beamformers while reducing parameter size.Existing studies,however,are mostly constrained to two-dimensional formulations,with limited research on higher-dimensional decomposition structures and the effects of different decomposition modes on beamformer perfor-mance.To address the above issues,we extend the existing two-dimensional Kronecker product method to a multidimen-sional form and propose a low-rank robust superdirective beamforming method based on multidimensional Kronecker product.This method improves design flexibility by decomposing the beamformer into a Kronecker product form of mul-tiple sets of short filters.Under a distortionless constraint,the method alternately iterates to solve for the multiple sets of short filters with the goal of maximizing the directivity factor.Experimental results show that for different array struc-tures,the proposed method achieves comparable performance to traditional methods with fewer parameters(number of filter coefficients)and lower matrix inversion dimensions across different decomposition modes.Therefore,it exhibits higher efficiency in practical systems.Furthermore,by analyzing the impact of different decomposition approaches on beamforming performance,the effectiveness and computational advantages of the proposed method were verified.关键词
麦克风阵列/超指向性波束形成/低秩波束形成/白噪声增益/指向性因子Key words
microphone arrays/superdirective beamformer/low-rank beamforming/white noise gain/directivity factor分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
朱瑜杰,赵坤龙,罗雪琴,靳姬鲁,黄公平,陈景东..基于多维Kronecker积的低秩稳健超指向性波束形成方法[J].信号处理,2025,41(9):1478-1493,16.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(62471340) （62471340）
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2025A1515010226) The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62471340) （2025A1515010226）
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515010226) （2025A1515010226）
