中国实用外科杂志2025，Vol.45Issue(9)：979-984,6.DOI:10.19538/j.cjps.issn1005-2208.2025.09.03
重视少见类型甲状腺恶性肿瘤的规范化诊治
Emphasizing standardized diagnosis and treatment for rare thyroid malignancies
摘要
Abstract
Rare thyroid malignancies[including anaplastic thyroid carcinoma(ATC),medullary thyroid carcinoma(MTC),primary thyroid lymphoma(PTL),primary squamous cell carcinoma of thyroid(PSCCT),poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma(PDTC),and primary thyroid sarcoma(PTS)]constitute less than 10％of all thyroid malignancies but account for over 50％of thyroid cancer-related deaths,posing a major clinical challenge.These malignancies are characterized by high aggressiveness,diagnostic difficulty,high rates of metastasis at initial presentation,limited treatment options,and poor prognosis.The key challenges in current management include diagnostic delays,inaccurate staging,and a lack of standardized treatment guidelines.Although the prognosis for many patients has improved in recent years with the advent of targeted drugs and innovations in surgical techniques and concepts,the overall survival rate has not shown significant improvement.To address the diagnosis and treatment of these patients,it is imperative to establish a surgeon-led multidisciplinary team(MDT)approach and a comprehensive standardized management system throughout the entire diagnosis and treatment process for rare thyroid malignancies.Future efforts should focus on conducting larger-scale,higher-quality clinical research to acquire a deeper understanding of the clinical characteristics of these diseases,investigate the response and resistance mechanisms of targeted therapies,and promote the development of highly selective kinase inhibitors and immunotherapeutic agents,thereby improving treatment outcomes for patients with rare thyroid malignancies.关键词
少见类型甲状腺恶性肿瘤/甲状腺未分化癌/甲状腺髓样癌/规范化诊治/多学科协作模式/靶向治疗Key words
rare thyroid malignancies/anaplastic thyroid carcinoma/medullary thyroid carcinoma/standardized diagnosis and treatment/multidisciplinary team/targeted therapy分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
田文,刘军言..重视少见类型甲状腺恶性肿瘤的规范化诊治[J].中国实用外科杂志,2025,45(9):979-984,6.基金项目
National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82303414) 国家自然科学基金项目(No.82303414) （No.82303414）
