中国奶牛Issue(9)：1-7,7.DOI:10.19305/j.cnki.11-3009/s.2025.09.001
上海辖区奶牛养殖场现状调研与简析
Research and Analysis on the Status of Dairy Farms in Shanghai Jurisdiction
摘要
Abstract
In order to comprehensively assess the current situation and problems of the dairy farming industry in Shanghai,this study conducted a multidimensional research on 22 large-scale dairy farms with more than 200 cows in inventory,covering factors such as breed structure,farm size,milk production performance,barn environment and management measures.The results show that:the farms in Shanghai are dominated by Holstein cows(95.5%),and Jersey cows only account for 4.5%;the average annual milk production of Holstein cows(10.75 tons)is significantly higher than that of Jersey cows(7.10 tons),and the milk production of farms with more than 1,000 cows is 4.05%higher than that of small-sized farms;the distribution of the farms is concentrated in the areas of Chongming,Fengxian,and so on,and the synergistic effect is formed by relying on the land resources and the market demand,and the scale and concentration of farms are improved.Synergistic effect,scale and intensification trend is significant;feed mainly rely on neighboring provinces and imports,focusing on safety and nutritional ratios;barn design taking into account ventilation and density control,but the subtropical climate poses a challenge to prevent heat and cooling;milking equipment to the herringbone type,carousel type is mainly,intelligent management to improve the efficiency;the average incidence rate of mastitis is 1.16%,disinfection measures and the standardization of the use of antibiotics directly affect the quality of raw milk;there are feed molds in the industry chain,and the quality of raw milk is not as high as that of small farms.The quality of raw milk is directly affected by disinfection measures and the standardization of antibiotic use;there are hidden problems in the industry chain,such as moldy feed,insufficient hygiene management and temperature control of transportation.In view of the above problems,it is recommended to build a quality and safety supervision system for the whole industrial chain,strengthen the standardization construction and application of traceability technology,optimize the feed storage environment,and standardize the milking operation and disease prevention and control measures,so as to ensure the safety of milk sources and promote the sustainable development of the industry.This study provides data support for the scientific planning and policy making of dairy farming in Shanghai,and is of practical significance for the improvement of farming efficiency and dairy quality.关键词
规模化牧场/产奶性能/环境控制/乳品安全/上海辖区Key words
Large-scale farms/Milk production performance/Environmental control/Dairy safety/Shanghai area分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
江春铃,陈柔含,杨晓君,周彬,周雨璊,马颖清,祁兵,邓波..上海辖区奶牛养殖场现状调研与简析[J].中国奶牛,2025,(9):1-7,7.基金项目
上海市奶业优势特色产业集群科研类项目"都市奶业质量安全关键技术研究与集成应用"(沪农委2024-74号). （沪农委2024-74号）
