中国水产科学2025，Vol.32Issue(7)：924-948,25.DOI:10.12264/JFSC2025-0121
辽东湾北部海域鱼类早期资源群落结构及其与环境因子关系
Community structure of early life stage fish resources and its relationships with environmental factors in northern Liaodong Bay
摘要
Abstract
To understand current status of fish spawning and suitable spawning habitats in northern Liaodong Bay,this study utilized data from 14 surveys on fish eggs and larvae.Cluster analysis,non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS),and similarity percentage analysis(SIMPER)were applied to characterize the community structure of fish eggs and larvae.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)and Mantel tests were used to explore the spatial-temporal distribution patterns of ichthyoplankton and their relationships with environmental variables,including sea surface and bottom temperature(SSTand SBT),sea surface and bottom salinity(SSS and SBS),depth,monthly runoff of the Liao River(RD),and plankton wet weight(WW).A total of 51 fish species at early life stages were identified and recorded during the survey period.The community structure of fish eggs and larvae exhibited significant monthly succession,with species turnover rates exceeding 50％and average monthly dissimilarity over 71.2％.NMDS and month-based cluster analyses revealed that fish eggs could be classified into three groups,while larvae could be divided into four groups.The major spawning period in the northern Liaodong Bay occurred from late May to late July and in December.No single species overwhelmingly dominated the early life stage assemblages.The primary spawning species included Pholis fangi,Ammodytes personatus,Planilaza haematocheilus,Konosirus punctatus,Engraulis japonicus,Scomberomorus niphonius,Thryssa kammalensis,Setipinna tenuifilis,Johnius grypotus,and Cynoglossus joyneri.From late May to late July,the main spawning grounds were concentrated near the estuarine areas of the Xiaoling,Daling,Liao,and Daliao rivers,from Jinzhou Bay to the north of Baisha Bay.In December,larvae were mainly concentrated in the waters north of Lianshan Bay to Taiping Bay.SST,RD,and Depth were identified as the key environmental factors affecting the spatio-temporal variation of fish early life stage communities.SST had a particularly important influence,driving seasonal shifts in dominant spawning species,with temperature preferences shifting from warm-temperate to warm-temp erate &warm-water and eventually to cold-temperate types.The spatial distributions of S.tenuifilis and J.grypotus eggs,as well as K.punctatus,T.kammalensis,and P.haematocheilus larvae,were positively correlated with SST,while the densities of E.japonicus,S.niphonius eggs and P.fangi,A.personatus larvae showed negative correlations with SST.RD influenced the gradient of salinity and nutrient levels,indirectly affecting the distribution of fish eggs and larvae.The distributions of C.joyneri,J.grypotus eggs and K.punctatus,P.fangi,T.kammalensis larvae were positively correlated with RD,whereas S.niphonius eggs and A.personatus larvae were negatively correlated.Depth was closely related to the physical-chemical characteristics of the water column and the structure of biological communities,significantly affecting fish spawning ground selection.J.grypotus,C.joyneri eggs and P.haematocheilus larvae were positively associated with depth,whereas S.tenuifilis eggs and K.punctatus,T.kammalensis larvae showed negative correlations.This study provides baseline data for the evaluation and conservation of early life stages of fish in Liaodong Bay.关键词
辽东湾/鱼类早期资源/种类组成/群落结构/环境因子/适宜产卵生境Key words
Liaodong Bay/early life stage fish resources/species composition/community structure/environmental factors/suitable spawning habitat分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李雪宁,卞晓东,李珣,孙明,单秀娟,李钊..辽东湾北部海域鱼类早期资源群落结构及其与环境因子关系[J].中国水产科学,2025,32(7):924-948,25.基金项目
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MD086) （ZR2022MD086）
农业农村部财政专项"黄渤海产卵场调查"(125C0505) （125C0505）
山东省泰山产业领军人才蓝色人才专项(tsls20231201) （tsls20231201）
黄渤海渔业资源与生态创新团队项目(2020TD01). （2020TD01）
