植物营养与肥料学报2025，Vol.31Issue(9)：1738-1751,14.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2024618
不同秸秆还田方式下复合菌剂M44对寒旱区秸秆的促腐机制及培肥效应
Mechanisms of microbial agent M44 for enhancing straw decomposition and soil fertility under different straw returning methods in a cold and arid region
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]To resolve the challenge of straw decomposition in cold and arid regions,microbial agents with both low-temperature tolerance and high efficiency are commonly used to promote the efficient decomposition of straw.We investigated the mechanism of microbial agents M44 on accelerating straw decomposition under different straw returning methods.[Methods]A split-plot design was adopted in a field experiment,the main plots included deep plowing with straw return(DPR),subsoiling with straw mixing return(SSR),and no-tillage with straw mulching return(NTR),and the subplots were with or without application of microbial agent M44(CK,and M44).At the same time,20 g of straw,1 kg of soil from the treated plots,and 0.04 g of M44 microbial agent were thoroughly mixed,placed into nylon mesh bags,and buried in the corresponding plots,with a total incubation period of 320 days.Periodically,samples were collected to determine indices such as straw degradation rate,nutrient release rate,soil extracellular enzyme activity,and soil nutrient content.[Results]Compared with the CKs,the M44 treatments significantly increased the average straw degradation rate,lignocellulose degradation rate,and nutrient release rate by 2.33-9.81,3.10-14.81,and 3.55-18.59 percentage points,respectively.And the enhancement of straw degradation efficiency during 0-185 days were as high as 28.40%-71.83%per day.Compared with the CKs,the M44 treatments increased the activities of soil urease,sucrase,alkaline phosphatase,and catalase by average of 0.39,0.33,0.28,and 0.35 mg/(g·d),respectively.they also enhanced the activities of soil β-1,4-xylosidase,β-1,4-glucosidase,and N-acetylglucosaminidase by an average of 11.79,18.28,and 3.12 nmol/(g·h)throughout the whole incubation period,respectively(P<0.05).The straw decomposition and soil fertility improvement effects of DPR+M44 and SSR+M44 were superior to those of NRT+M44,as evidenced by a higher straw degradation rate(10.66-25.60 and 8.69-26.08 percentage points)and release rates of straw carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus(3.55-18.59,6.35-7.58,and 6.99-11.36 percentage points)(P<0.05).Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that urease,alkaline phosphatase,and leucine aminopeptidase directly promoted straw degradation.Further path analysis indicated that soil extracellular enzyme activities indirectly mediated straw nutrient release by directly accelerating straw degradation.Additionally,straw nutrient release was directly driven by soil urease and β-1,4-xylosidase,while nutrient release from straw enhanced soil nutrient levels.[Conclusion]Under various straw return methods,the application of microbial agent M44 can accelerate straw degradation,shorten the degradation time,enhance the nutrient release rate from straw,increase soil enzyme activities and nutrient contents,with even more pronounced effects observed under deep plowing with straw return and subsoiling with straw mixing return methods.关键词
秸秆还田/菌剂M44/秸秆还田方式/秸秆降解/养分释放/胞外酶活性Key words
straw return/microbial agent M44/straw returning methods/straw degradation/nutrient release/extracellular enzyme activity引用本文复制引用
赵文山,王莉杰,蒋浩然,刘瑞枝,李东波,胡树平,于晓芳,高聚林,青格尔..不同秸秆还田方式下复合菌剂M44对寒旱区秸秆的促腐机制及培肥效应[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2025,31(9):1738-1751,14.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1501500) （2023YFD1501500）
国家自然科学基金项目(32260532) （32260532）
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2025KYPT0086) （2025KYPT0086）
内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划(NJYT25021) （NJYT25021）
国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02-74). （CARS-02-74）
