植物营养与肥料学报2025，Vol.31Issue(9)：1767-1776,10.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2024581
磷肥用量对油菜产量、磷吸收及冻害减产的影响
Effects of phosphorus fertilizer rates on oilseed rape yield,phosphorus uptake,and yield reduction caused by freezing injury
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]Freezing stress during the seedling and overwintering stage severely impacts the phosphorous nutrition and seed yield of oilseed rape production in the midstream region of the Yangtze River.This study investigated the mitigating effects of phosphorus fertilizer rates on oilseed rape.[Methods]Field experiments were conducted during 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 growing seasons at Wuxue and Wuhan in Hubei Province,respectively.According to temperatures data,2022/2023 season was a normal year,whereas 2023/2024 season was a freezing year for oilseed production.Five P2O5 application rate treatments were setup,they were 0,45,90,135,180 kg/hm2 at Wuxue,and 0,30,60,90,120 kg/hm2 at Wuhan.Oilseed rape yield,yield components,and P uptake were investigated,and the mitigating effect of P fertilizer rates were assessed.[Results]Compared with normal year,freezing reduced yield by 23.0%-58.6%and P accumulation by 31.1%-79.1%.Compared with no P control,P application mitigated the decline in yield and P accumulation in different degrees.The strongest mitigation effect in Wuxue site was at P2O5 90 kg/hm2,where the yield and P accumulation losses caused by freezing declined by 14.5 and 34.5 percentage points,and the greatest mitigation was observed in Wuhan site at P2O5 120 kg/hm2,with yield and P accumulation reduction of 13.3 and 24.5 percentage points,respectively.In Wuxue site,freezing during the overwintering period(minimum temperature<-5℃for 3 days)and the bud-flowering period(minimum temperature<0℃for 6 days)led to reduction of 38.7%-42.2%in pods per plant and 17.2%-28.0%in seeds per pod,the P accumulation in seeds were reduced greatly.While in Wuhan site,freezing lasted only 9 days during the overwintering period and 10 days during bud-flowering period,primarily reducing the number of pods per plant by 20.6%-58.7%.Increased P application rate mitigated the decline in the number of seeds per pod and 1000-seed weight in the Wuxue site,and mitigated the decline in the number of pods per plant in the Wuhan site.[Conclusions]Freezing causes a decrease in oilseed rape yield and P accumulation,with the number of pods per plant being the most affected.P fertilizer rates should be adjusted based on the soil and freezing conditions to improve the resilience and stability of oilseed rape production.关键词
磷肥用量/冻害/油菜产量/产量构成因子/磷积累量Key words
phosphorus fertilizer rate/freezing injury/oilseed rape yield/yield components/phosphorus accumulation引用本文复制引用
王昆昆,王崇铭,刘陈,廖世鹏,任涛,刘诗诗,张哲,陆志峰,鲁剑巍..磷肥用量对油菜产量、磷吸收及冻害减产的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2025,31(9):1767-1776,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1901100) （2023YFD1901100）
湖北省现代农业产业技术体系油菜产业体系项目(2023HBSTX4-03) （2023HBSTX4-03）
国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目(GZC20240553). （GZC20240553）
