电焊机2025，Vol.55Issue(10)：35-41,7.DOI:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.10.05
工艺参数对异种钢激光填丝焊缝质量的影响研究
Research on Influence of Laser Wire Feeding Welding Process Param-eters on Weld Quality
摘要
Abstract
To address the quality challenges in welding thin-walled special steels with weather-resistant steels of dissimilar materials,a systematic study of laser filler welding processes was conducted using 4.5 mm thick special steel and 2.5 mm thick Q345NQR2 weather-resistant steel in large structural components.The results show that the low heat input characteris-tics of laser filler welding can effectively reduce the width of the heat-affected zone,preventing grain coarsening on the Q345NQR2 side and hardened structure formation on the special steel side.By using H1Cr21Ni10Mn7Mo austenitic stain-less steel filler wire,the differences in properties between the dissimilar steels can be mitigated,achieving an average tensile strength of 81%of the base material.Moreover,the weld formation is aesthetically pleasing,with minimal spatter,signifi-cantly reducing the cost of subsequent cleaning.Although MAG welding has lower equipment costs and greater operational flexibility,its high heat input leads to a wider heat-affected zone and increased deformation(longitudinal shrinkage is about 35%higher than that of laser filler welding),and its joint tensile strength is only 43%of the lower limit of the special steel base material.Furthermore,the study clarified the formation mechanisms of cracks and pores in dissimilar steel welding and proposed a pore suppression strategy of"slightly faster welding speed+positive large defocus+negative appropriate oblique incidence+high power compensation for melt depth",which can control welding deformation within 1.5 mm/m.In conclusion,laser filler welding is more suitable for scenarios requiring high welding quality and structural accuracy,while MAG welding is best suited for cost-sensitive situations with moderate quality requirements.The research provides engineer-ing references for optimizing the welding process of thin-walled dissimilar steel large structural components.关键词
激光填丝焊接/异种钢/薄壁结构/焊接工艺参数/焊接质量Key words
laser wire feeding welding/dissimilar steel/thin-walled structure/welding parameters/welding quality分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
房顺利,马凯,庞建新,韩伟韬,安伟,翟兴刚..工艺参数对异种钢激光填丝焊缝质量的影响研究[J].电焊机,2025,55(10):35-41,7.基金项目
中国兵器工业集团科技研究开发计划课题(JM220624) （JM220624）
