经济与管理研究2025，Vol.46Issue(10)：110-128,19.DOI:10.13502/j.cnki.issn1000-7636.2025.10.007
社保缴费推升了企业劳动技能溢价吗?
Do Social Security Contributions Increase Corporate Labor Skill Premiums?
摘要
Abstract
The persistent expansion of labor skill premiums has emerged as a critical factor shaping income distribution patterns.Under the guidance of common prosperity goals,exploring how social insurance systems influence internal wage structures within firms carries significant theoretical value and practical implications. This paper examines the impact of social security contributions on labor skill premiums using data from Chinese A-share listed manufacturing companies from 2011 to 2021.It constructs a comprehensive measurement framework for labor skill premiums,defining high-and low-skilled workers through job skill content and educational attainment.Multiple regression models and instrumental variable approaches provide deep insights into the underlying mechanisms.Empirical results demonstrate that social security contributions can elevate labor skill premiums.A 10%increase in per capita social security contributions corresponds to approximately 1.83%growth in skill premiums.This finding remains robust across endogeneity tests,difference-in-differences validation,and various robustness checks,indicating strong statistical reliability.Mechanism analysis reveals a core transmission pathway from cost pressure to factor restructuring.Facing social security contribution pressures,firms optimize production structures through increased fixed asset investment and R&D spending.This adjustment creates complementary effects for high-skilled labor while generating substitution effects for low-skilled workers.Heterogeneity analysis reveals pronounced structural differences in how social security contributions affect skill premiums.The effect proves more prominent in firms with weaker financing constraints,stronger bargaining-power of labor and lower market competition.Further investigation reveals a nonlinear relationship between social security contributions and skill premiums,characterized by a significant U-shaped pattern.In lower contribution ranges,social security contributions suppress skill premiums;once contribution levels exceed the threshold,promotional effects gradually strengthen. The policy implications are clear and actionable.Moderately reducing social security contribution burdens could help alleviate excessively rapid growth in the skill premium,thereby optimizing the income distribution structure.Simultaneously,policymakers should establish precise and dynamic adjustment mechanisms that are aligned with the characteristics of manufacturing transformation,fully considering firm heterogeneity and implementing differentiated rate policies.Furthermore,improving coordinated governance mechanisms between social security systems and labor markets becomes essential to achieve dual objectives of social security functions and income distribution regulation while protecting worker rights and interests through integrated policy tools.This paper offers fresh theoretical perspectives on the role of social security systems in factor allocation,providing important empirical evidence and policy recommendations for coordinating labor-management relations and advancing common prosperity goals.关键词
社保缴费/劳动技能溢价/要素结构调整/福利效应/融资约束/劳动力议价能力/市场竞争Key words
social security contributions/labor skill premium/factor structure adjustment/welfare effect/financing constraint/bargaining-power of labor/market competition分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
王文剑,齐丹坤..社保缴费推升了企业劳动技能溢价吗?[J].经济与管理研究,2025,46(10):110-128,19.基金项目
河南省哲学社会科学规划一般项目"河南省金融结构影响产业结构升级的机制及其效应研究"(2022BJJ025) （2022BJJ025）
