南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）2025，Vol.49Issue(5)：11-18,8.DOI:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202401024
生物炭对农田土壤硝化作用的异质性效应研究
Heterogeneous effects of biochar on nitrification in agricultural soils
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Nitrification,a key process in the nitrogen cycle,is closely linked to environmental issues such as N2O emissions,a potent greenhouse gas.Biochar,an emerging soil amendment,has been shown to significantly influence nitrification when added to soil.However,the heterogeneous effects of biochar on nitrification rates and N2O emissions remain unclear,limiting its scientific application in agricultural practices.This study aimed to reveal the spatial variation patterns of the nitrification effect of biochar on global agricultural soil,providing a theoretical basis for optimizing the agricultural environmental benefits of biochar.[Method]This study conducted a meta-analysis on data from 94 published studies and applied machine learning techniques to systematically assess the spatial variability of biochar's effects on nitrification in global agricultural soils.[Result]The meta-analysis revealed that biochar increased soil nitrification rates by an average of 56％and the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)by 37％.However,it had no significant effect on ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)abundance,suggesting that biochar primarily influences AOB abundance in nitrification.Biochar generally reduced the proportion of N2O emissions as a byproduct of nitrification.Its effects on nitrification,nitrification-induced N2O emissions,and AOB abundance were more pronounced in soils with low buffering capacity(e.g.,acidic,low organic carbon,or sandy soils),likely due to its liming effect(increasing soil pH)and structural effect(enhancing soil water and air retention)on soils.Machine learning simulations indicated that biochar had a stronger promoting effect on nitrification rates and associated N2O emissions in tropical regions compared to subtropical and temperate zones.It also had a more significant effect on nitrification and associated N2O emissions in Oxisols,Ultisols,Alfisols,and Mollisols.In contrast,biochar had a relatively minor impact on nitrification rates in Inceptisols,Entisols,Aridisols,and Histosols,and posed a lower risk of increasing N2O emissions in these soils.[Conclusion]Biochar may increase soil nitrification rates and associated N2O emissions especially in low-buffering soils.In practical applications,differentiated application strategies for biochar should be developed based on soil types and climate zone characteristics to achieve the dual goals of soil improvement and green house gas emission reduction.关键词
生物炭/硝化速率/N2O/异质性/机器学习/空间变异/土壤改良Key words
biochar/nitrification rate/N2O/heterogeneity/machine learning/spatial variability/soil improvement分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
吕润锦,周思静,代雯雅,刘琦..生物炭对农田土壤硝化作用的异质性效应研究[J].南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）,2025,49(5):11-18,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32271714,31901196) （32271714,31901196）
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20190746). （BK20190746）
