兽类学报2025，Vol.45Issue(5)：577-592,16.DOI:10.16829/j.slxb.150985
中华穿山甲保护生态学研究进展
Advances in conservation ecology of Chinese pangolins
摘要
Abstract
The Chinese pangolin(Manis pentadactyla),a Class I protected species in China,faces critical endangerment due to anthropogenic pressures,habitat degradation,and climate change.Except for Taiwan,the distribution range of Chinese pangolins in China has significantly decreased.The Chinese pangolin's suitable habitats are shaped by an intri-cate interplay of factors including vegetation,human activity,climate,and topography.Chinese pangolins are an enig-matic,nocturnal species and possess modest home ranges and subsist primarily on a diet of termites and ants.Their bur-rowing behavior alters soil structure,enhances forest habitat heterogeneity,and provides additional resources for sympat-ric species,making them important ecosystem engineers in forest ecosystems.While ex-situ conservation through artifi-cial breeding serves as a crucial complement to in-situ efforts,it presents critical challenges,including low survival rates of rescued individuals,enhanced disease susceptibility,difficulties in formulating appropriate artificial diets,poor sperm quality,and low offspring viability.The primary threats to Chinese pangolins encompass poaching,habitat fragmenta-tion and loss,limited genetic dispersal,and the risk of extinction due to critically small populations.To address these multifaceted challenges,comprehensive conservation strategies need to be developed meticulously,such as bolstering law enforcement,advancing scientific research,safeguarding habitats,refining artificial breeding techniques,enhancing public awareness and education,and fostering international collaboration.Through the concerted implementation of these conservation measures,it is anticipated that the conservation scenario for Chinese pangolins will improve signifi-cantly,potentially leading to a gradual recovery of its population size.关键词
中华穿山甲/种群分布/生态系统工程师/人工繁育/保护策略Key words
Manis pentadactyla/Population and distribution/Ecosystem engineer/Artificial breeding/Conservation strategy分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
华彦,李永政,张治东,杨文山,高海洋,王凯,窦红亮,李珺,郭策,孙松,安富宇,唐琳..中华穿山甲保护生态学研究进展[J].兽类学报,2025,45(5):577-592,16.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1301500) （2022YFF1301500）
广东省林业科技创新项目(2023KJCX023) （2023KJCX023）
