兽类学报2025，Vol.45Issue(5)：641-654,14.DOI:10.16829/j.slxb.151010
云南昭通亚洲黑熊适宜栖息地与日活动节律
Suitable habitat and daily activity patterns of Ursus thibetanus in Zhao-tong,Yunnan Province
摘要
Abstract
Understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of species,along with their influencing factors,is crucial for effective species conservation and habitat management.To evaluate the suitable habitat distribution and activity patterns of Ursus thibetanus in Zhaotong,Yunnan Province,we deployed 246 infrared cameras to monitor bears from August 2020 to February 2023.We constructed a MaxEnt model using the distribution data collected from the camera traps and relevant news reports to analyze the suitable habitats for Ursus thibetanus.Additionally,we assessed the daily activity patterns of the bears using kernel density estimation based on the time data captured by the cameras.The results showed that distance to cultivated land,mean diurnal range,temperature annual range,and precipitation of wettest month were the main environmental factors affecting the habitat selection of Ursus thibetanus.These factors collectively accounted for a contribution rate of 87.6％.The suitable habitats for Ursus thibetanus are mainly distributed in the intersection of Yiliang,Daguan,Yongshan,Yanjin,Suijiang,and Shuifu counties,with an area of 245 508 hm2.Furthermore,the analy-sis of the protection gap indicates that the suitable habitat area of Ursus thibetanus in the nature reserve is 57 652 hm2,accounting for 23.48％of the suitable habitat of Ursus thibetanus in Zhaotong.Black bears have frequent activities in summer and autumn,with significant differences in seasonal activity intensity.The activity peak period of Ursus thibeta-nus is from May to October,and the average low temperature is the main factor affecting their monthly activity.Black bears exhibit morning and evening activity mode,with peaks of activity between 06:00-10:00 and 16:00-20:00.The results reveal the temporal and spatial distribution pattern of Ursus thibetanus in Zhaotong,Yunnan Province,and pro-vide references for habitat protection and management of this species.关键词
亚洲黑熊/MaxEnt模型/适宜栖息地/活动节律/昭通Key words
Ursus thibetanus/MaxEnt/Suitable habitat/Activity rhythm/Zhaotong分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
陈婷,李斌强,廖正杭,李伟,彭灿..云南昭通亚洲黑熊适宜栖息地与日活动节律[J].兽类学报,2025,45(5):641-654,14.基金项目
2020年中央林业改革发展资金(云林函[2021]115号) （云林函[2021]115号）
2021年中央林业改革发展资金(云林复[2022]14号) （云林复[2022]14号）
云南省教育厅青年人才基础研究专项(2024J1458) （2024J1458）
