水利学报2025，Vol.56Issue(9)：1178-1188,11.DOI:10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20240349
黄河下游宽河段最优输沙断面参量研究
Research on the optimal section parameters for sediment transport in the wide section of the lower Yellow River
摘要
Abstract
Predicting the stable hydraulic geometry formed by the automatic erosion and sedimentation adjustment of the riverbed in a sandy river under certain water and sediment conditions is of great significance for engineering appli-cations such as river flood control,regulation,and waterway planning.On the basis of reviewing the existing methods for solving the optimal river width,this article aims to explore the channel shape that has the maximum sediment transport capacity.By combining the water flow continuity equation,the sediment carrying capacity formula,the com-prehensive stability index,and the dynamic bed resistance formula based on the friction curve,the parameters of river width,water depth,flow velocity,slope,roughness,etc.are solved,which are the optimal cross-sectional characteristic parameters corresponding to the maximum sediment transport capacity of the river channel.The varia-tion law of sediment transport capacity and width of the river channel is revealed.The results show that the equilib-rium sediment transport rate versus river width curve under different flow rates exhibits a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.At each level of flow,there is an extreme point with the highest sediment transport rate,and the cor-responding river width is the optimal sediment transport river width.Therefore,it can be regarded as the main chan-nel width or modern control line width in the theory of "bundling water and attacking sand".From the system calcula-tion curve,it can be seen that the optimal river width is directly proportional to the sediment discharge and inversely proportional to the expected indicators for regulation.According to the downstream riverbed conditions and river regu-lation constraints during the normal operation period of Xiaolangdi Reservoir,when the comprehensive stability index of the riverbed is set to 4,the optimal sediment discharge river widths corresponding to 3000,4000,and 5000 m3/s are calculated to be 654,754,and 838 m.Under a certain sediment discharge rate,the optimal sediment transport river width decreases continuously with the increase of remediation requirements.For the wide section of the lower Yellow River,only the regulating flow rate(bed making flow rate)and the stability index value of the channel regula-tion need to be provided.In addition,this article also establishes the relationship between roughness and hydraulic sediment factors such as P and FrA,thereby solving the sediment transport section parameters corresponding to the minimum water flow resistance in the wide section of the lower Yellow River under specific regulation flow and river regulation expectations.关键词
最优输沙断面/输沙河宽/黄河下游/水流阻力/河道整治期望指标Key words
optimal sediment transport cross-section/sand transport river width/the lower Yellow River/water flow resistance/expected indicators for river regulation分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
侯琳,张红武..黄河下游宽河段最优输沙断面参量研究[J].水利学报,2025,56(9):1178-1188,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402500) （2016YFC0402500）
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52009145) （52009145）
鄂尔多斯水利科技重点项目(20232000090) （20232000090）
