水生生物学报2025，Vol.49Issue(11)：94-106,13.DOI:10.3724/1000-3207.2025.2025.0066
饲料中添加发酵蒲公英对石斑鱼生长性能、肠道健康和抗病力的影响
DIETARY INCLUSION OF FERMENTED DANDELION ON GROWTH PERFOR-MANCE,INTESTINAL HEALTH,AND DISEASE RESISTANCE IN HYBRID GROUPER(EPINEPHELUS FUSCOGUTTATUS ♀×EPINEPHELUS LANCEOLATU ♂)
摘要
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the impact of Bacillus subtilis-fermented dandelion herbal products on growth performance,immune function,and intestinal health in aquatic organisms by using grouper(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatu ♂)as the model species.The groupers were divided into two cohorts:a control group fed a basal diet and a supplemented group the basal diet with fermented herbal additive for 56d.Post-experiment,samples were collected to analyze relevant parameters.The findings indicated that the incorporation of a fermented Chinese herbal additive significantly improved weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR),condition factor(CF),and survival rate in response to Photobacterium damselae subsp.piscicida infection(P<0.05),while concurrently achiev-ing a significant reduction in the feed conversion ratio(FCR)(P<0.05).The supplemented group exhibited markedly higher intestinal lipase(P<0.01)and protease activities(P<0.05).Moreover,gene expression analysis revealed down-regulated fatty acid synthesis genes,alongside an upregulated glycolysis and lipid catabolism genes.The Ace and Chao1 indices of the intestinal microbiota increased significantly(P<0.05),with an observed upregulation in microbial metabolism and biosynthesis compared to the control group(P<0.05).Additionally,there was a significant augmenta-tion in the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),reduced glutathione(GSH),and lysozyme(LZM)within the intestine(P<0.05),accompanied by downregulated pro-inflammatory factors,upregu-lated anti-inflammatory factors,and reduced apoptotic factors.In serum,the additive significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity(P<0.01)and increased lysozyme(LZM)and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activities(P<0.01).Hepatic tissue showed a notable increase in the activities of reduced glutathione(GSH)and catalase(CAT)(P<0.05),alongside a substantial enhancement in total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)(P<0.01).The additive facilitated hepatic glycolysis,diminished fatty acid synthesis,and augmented lipid catabolism.Furthermore,it downregulated inflammatory mediators,upregulated anti-inflammatory mediators,and decreased apoptotic factors.In conclusion,incorporation of Bacillus subtilis-fermented traditional Chinese medicine products into grouper feed facilitates fish growth,augments non-specific immune responses and antioxidant capacity,increases diversity and abundance of poten-tially beneficial bacteria,and maintains intestinal health.This study establishes a theoretical foundation for the utiliza-tion of probiotic-fermented Chinese herbs as additives in aquatic feeds as a safe and efficient alternative to antibiotic growth promoters,potentially reducing farming costs,minimizing drug residues and resistance issues,and fostering sustainable green aquaculture practices.关键词
生长性能/免疫力/肠道健康/发酵中草药/石斑鱼Key words
Growth performance/Immunity/Intestinal health/Fermented Chinese herbs/Epinephelu ssp.分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
严宇杰,邹文政,黄文树,李忠琴,杨求华,庄若飞,李惠静..饲料中添加发酵蒲公英对石斑鱼生长性能、肠道健康和抗病力的影响[J].水生生物学报,2025,49(11):94-106,13.基金项目
福建省科技计划(2021N0014) （2021N0014）
福建省海洋渔业结构调整专项[闽财指(2021)66号] （2021）
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-46) （CARS-46）
集美大学培育基金(ZP2021003)资助[Supported by the Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Project(2021N0014) （ZP2021003）
Fujian Provincial Marine Fishery Structural Adjustment Project[Min Cai Zhi 2021 No.66] （）
Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agricul-ture and Rural Affairs:National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Funding(CARS-46) （CARS-46）
Jimei University Cultiva-tion Fund(ZP2021003)] （ZP2021003）
