沈阳工业大学学报2025，Vol.47Issue(5)：627-634,8.DOI:10.7688/j.issn.1000-1646.2025.05.10
激光冲击对铝合金焊接接头组织性能的影响
Effect of laser shock on microstructure and properties of aluminum alloy welded joints
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]6061 aluminum alloy is widely used because of its good comprehensive properties.However,the quality of its welded joints generally has certain limitations.This study aims to effectively improve the quality of 6061 aluminum alloy welded joints by using the method of laser shock peening,deeply explore the changes of mechanical properties and microstructure of welded joints before and after laser shock peening,and analyze the internal influence mechanisms,so as to provide a solid theoretical basis and practical guidance for the optimization of aluminum alloy welding process.[Methods]A 6061 aluminum alloy welded joint was selected as the research object,and its surface was treated by laser shock peening technology.In the process of treatment,the parameters of laser frequency,shock range,pulse width,and overlap rate of laser pulses were strictly controlled.The influence of laser energy on 6061 aluminum alloy welded joints was studied.The mechanical properties of welded joints before and after laser shock peening were analyzed,such as tensile strength and hardness.At the same time,the changes of microstructure characteristics such as grain size and shock layer thickness at the weld were observed and compared by means of microstructure analysis technologies,including optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD).[Results]First of all,in terms of the relationship between laser energy and tensile strength of welded joints,there is a clear positive correlation.Specifically,with the gradual increase in laser energy,the tensile strength of welded joints also increases steadily.Secondly,the detection of the hardness of the weld surface shows that the hardness is significantly improved after laser shock peening,and the increase is about 23％.Finally,from the microstructure point of view,the thickness of the laser shock layer changes significantly,greatly increasing from the initial 15.83 μm to 30.77 μm,which indicates that the laser shock has a deep impact on the surface of the material.At the same time,the grain size of the weld center also changes significantly,decreasing from the original 33.68 μm to 14.5 μm.The grains obviously become finer,namely that the microstructure is optimized.[Conclusion]Based on the above research results,it can be concluded that laser shock peening technology shows excellent effect in the treatment of 6061 aluminum alloy welded joints.The high energy generated on the surface of metal materials can effectively reduce the adverse effects of plastic deformation on the surface and interior of materials and promote grain refinement,which is the key factor to improve the mechanical properties of welded joints.Through laser shock peening,the tensile strength and hardness of welded joints are effectively improved,which not only helps to improve the reliability and durability of 6061 aluminum alloy welded structures in practical applications but also provides strong technical support for further expanding the application range of aluminum alloys in high-end manufacturing.In the future,the optimal process parameter combination of laser shock peening can be further studied in order to improve the quality of 6061 aluminum alloy welded joints more accurately and efficiently and promote the continuous development and innovation of aluminum alloy welding technology.关键词
激光冲击强化/焊接接头/6061铝合金/MIG焊/力学性能/晶粒细化/显微组织/冲击层Key words
laser shock peening/welded joint/6061 aluminum alloy/melt inert-gas welding/mechanical property/grain refinement/microstructure/shock layer分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
刘政军,邓晓萌,吴秋林..激光冲击对铝合金焊接接头组织性能的影响[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2025,47(5):627-634,8.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB1103603) （2017YFB1103603）
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2022-MS-272). （2022-MS-272）
