西北农业学报2025，Vol.34Issue(10)：1791-1800,10.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2025.10.003
秸秆覆盖方式对马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响
Effects of Straw Mulching Methods on Potato Yield and Water Use Efficiency
摘要
Abstract
In order to study the effect of straw mulching on soil moisture and potato yield in arid are-as,from May to October 2023,we carried out field experiments at the irrigation test station in Dingxi City,Gansu Province.Three straw mulching cultivation methods were set up:wide ridge(SH70:the width of the ridge is 0.6 m,and the width of the furrow is 0.4 m),narrow ridge(SH30:the width of the ridge is 0.3 m,and the width of the furrow is 0.4 m)and flat planting(DH)(straw mulching thickness is 0.1 m),and the experimental treatment of not covering anything on flat land(CK)was used as the control.The results showed that:(1)Compared with CK,straw mulching significantly in-creased the average soil moisture content of 0-1.8 m soil layer by 6.74％—8.53％during the whole growth period of potato,increased the soil water storage capacity of each soil layer by 1.97％—15.71％and the effective soil water storage capacity by 4.57％—22.32％.The effect of increasing and retaining soil moisture between straw mulching treatments was shown as SH70＞SH30＞DH.(2)Compared with CK,straw mulching significantly increased the contribution rate of precipitation to to-tal water consumption by 1.63％—3.84％and reduced the total water consumption of potato during the whole growth period by 18.52％—43.58％,and significantly reduced the water consumption from sowing period to flowering period by 19.43％—24.09％.The water consumption of the sowing-flow-ering stage and the total water consumption of the whole growth period of the DH treatment decreased the most,and straw mulching significantly increased the water consumption of potato from flowering period to starch accumulation period by 3.93％—6.62％,and the increase of SH70 was the largest.(3)Compared with CK,straw mulching increased the average yield of potato by 3 115 kg per hectare,and SH70 increased the most yield.Compared with CK,straw mulching significantly increased the water use efficiency of tuber yield(WUETY)by 14.17％—24.99％and the water use efficiency of under-ground biomass(WUEUBY)by 63.07％—118.99％,respectively.The yield was significantly positively correlated with WUETY(r=0.98**)and WUEBY(r=0.92**).Straw mulching has a certain improve-ment effect on soil moisture,which can increase potato yield,and the effect of SH70 treatment is the best.Therefore,wide ridge combined with straw mulching can be used as a recommended way to in-crease potato yield in arid areas of Northwest China.关键词
秸秆覆盖/垄作/水分利用效率/马铃薯Key words
Straw mulch/Ridge planting/Water use efficiency/Potato引用本文复制引用
董志香,崔循臻,陈蕙,白鹏军,董海霞,董伟军,刘晓峰,解泽宇,黄彩霞..秸秆覆盖方式对马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].西北农业学报,2025,34(10):1791-1800,10.基金项目
甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(24JRRA635) （24JRRA635）
甘肃省高等学校青年博士基金(2024QB-071) （2024QB-071）
研究生联合培养基地建设专项(GAU2023-002) （GAU2023-002）
甘肃农业大学青年导师扶持基金(GAU-QDFC-2023-13) （GAU-QDFC-2023-13）
甘肃省自然科学基金(22JR5RJ1020). Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation Key Projects(No.24JRRA635) （22JR5RJ1020）
Gan-su Provincial University Young Doctors Fund Project(No.2024QB-071) （No.2024QB-071）
Postgraduate Joint Training Base Construction Project(No.GAU2023-002) （No.GAU2023-002）
Gansu Agricultural University Young Tutor Support Fund Project(No.GAU-QDFC-2023-13) （No.GAU-QDFC-2023-13）
Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.22JR5RJ1020). （No.22JR5RJ1020）
