西北农业学报2025，Vol.34Issue(10)：1834-1846,13.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2025.10.007
生物炭对陕北黄土旱区谷子根土界面土壤理化环境及谷子产量的影响
Effects of Biochar on Root-Soil Interface Physicochemical Environment and Foxtail Millet Grain Yield in Loess Arid Region of Northern Shaanxi
摘要
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of different biochar types and application rates on the physicochemical environment at the root-soil interface and the grain yield of foxtail millet in the loess arid region of northern Shaanxi.The results provide important theoretical support for improving farm-land soil quality,promoting the rational utilization of biomass resources,and increasing grain yield in the arid loess regions.Three biochar types-corn straw(JG),rice husk(DK),and bamboo(ZG)-were applied at three rates:C1(3 t/hm2),C2(6 t/hm2),and C3(12 t/hm2),with a control treatment(CK,0 t/hm2).Field experiments were conducted using foxtail millet,an important cereal crop in Northwest China.Biochar application affected soil moisture in the 0-50 cm layer.Under the ZGC3 treatment,soil moisture at a 30 cm depth increased significantly by 157.61％,accompanied by a nota-ble rise in soil pH compared with CK.Under the C3 rate,JG and ZG biochars significantly increased soil organic matter and available potassium by 94.90％—101.36％and 26.93％—43.27％,respective-ly.In contrast,DK biochar significantly reduced ammonium nitrogen content by 41.67％compared with CK.The Shannon index of microbial diversity decreased significantly by 2.12％under high ZG application,while the number of unique microorganisms in JGC1 increased by 9.84％compared with CK.Biochar input also increased the number of Proteobacteria species,and high DK biochar applica-tion effectively enhanced foxtail millet root morphological development.However,at the C3 level,root morphological indices showed a declining trend.Grain yields under JGC2 and ZGC3 increased sig-nificantly by 65.13％and 76.74％,respectively,compared with CK.At the 3 t/hm2 level,JG and DK biochars improved microbial diversity and root length,respectively.Meanwhile,12 t/hm2 ZG biochar improved soil water and nutrient retention capacity and significantly increased grain yield,de-spite a slight decline in microbial diversity.Therefore,appropriate biochar types and application rates should be selected based on local conditions.关键词
生物炭/土壤含水量/土壤养分/土壤微生物/根系形态/谷子产量Key words
Biochar/Soil water content/Soil nutrients/Microorganisms/Root morphology/Foxtail millet yield引用本文复制引用
白计玲,崔志文,刘瑜,张旭东,纪棨云,胡丹丹,阎雄飞,严加坤,王小林..生物炭对陕北黄土旱区谷子根土界面土壤理化环境及谷子产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2025,34(10):1834-1846,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(41967013,32260078) （41967013,32260078）
榆林市科技计划产学研合作项目(CXY-2022-70) （CXY-2022-70）
中央引导地方科技发展资金陕西省工程技术研究中心项目(2022ZY2-GCZX-05) （2022ZY2-GCZX-05）
陕西省农业农村厅农业科技创新驱动项目(2022NYT01). The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41967013,No.32260078) （2022NYT01）
Science and Technology Plan-Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project of Yulin Province(No.CXY-2022-70) （No.CXY-2022-70）
the Central Government-Guided Local Science and Technology Development Fund-Shaanxi Engineering Technology Research Center Project(No.2022ZY2-GCZX-05) （No.2022ZY2-GCZX-05）
the Agri-cultural Science and Technology Innovation-Driven Project of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Shaanxi Province(No.2022NYT01). （No.2022NYT01）
