摘要
Abstract
In the early 1990s,Japan began its third higher education reform,with the most far-reaching impact being the incorporation reform of national universities officially launched in 2004.As of the current implementation of the national university corporatization reform for over 20 years,the relationship between Japanese national universities and the government in terms of law,administration,and economy has undergone significant changes.In terms of legal relations,Japanese national universities are no longer subordinate to the government,but have become independent legal entities with statutory rights and obligations;In terms of administrative relations,the government no longer directly manages national universities,but indirectly manages them through macro measures such as setting mid-term goals;In terms of economic relations,the proportion of regular government funding to the total funding of national universities has decreased year by year.National universities have continuously expanded their financial autonomy through competitive funding,affiliated hospital revenue generation,and other means.These changes not only alleviate the financial pressure on the government,but also enhance the market adaptability and innovative vitality of national universities.Their governance framework may have certain reference significance for the transformation and development of modern university systems.关键词
高等教育改革/国立大学法人化/大学与政府关系/日本/大学治理Key words
higher education reform/incorporation of national university/university-governmentrelations/Japan/universitygovernance
