液晶与显示2025，Vol.40Issue(10)：1532-1544,13.DOI:10.37188/CJLCD.2025-0143
基于改进RT-DETR的PCBA管脚焊点缺陷检测方法
PCBA pin solder defect detection method based on improved RT-DETR
摘要
Abstract
To address the challenges of the slow detection speed and the low accuracy in pin solder defect detection for printed circuit board assemblies(PCBA),due to small target sizes,dense distributions,and complex backgrounds,this paper proposes an improved RT-DETR-based detection method.First,to overcome the limited global perception capability of the RepC3 module in multi-scale semantic feature fusion,a local and global collaborative enhancement module is introduced to enhance the model's global understanding of multi-scale features.Second,a frequency-aware upsampling module is designed to effectively mitigate feature center offset issues caused by traditional interpolation-based upsampling and to improve the model's responsiveness to key regions.Finally,RepViT is adopted as the backbone network,which improves feature extraction capabilities while significantly reducing model complexity.The proposed method is evaluated on two datasets:a proprietary PCBA pin solder joint image dataset collected and annotated by ourselves on industrial production line and the public PKU-Market-PCB dataset.On the PCBA dataset,compared with the original RT-DETR,the proposed method achieves a 31.44%reduction in model parameters,a 29.21%reduction in computational cost,a 9.88%improvement in mAP50,and an inference speed increase to 84.74 FPS.On the PKU-Market-PCB dataset,it yields gains of 6.75%in mAP50 and 23.10%in inference speed.Overall,the proposed method significantly enhances detection accuracy and efficiency while maintaining a balance between computational cost and real-time performance,demonstrating strong potential for practical engineering applications and further research.关键词
PCBA/焊点检测/RT-DETR/多尺度特征融合/上采样/RepViTKey words
PCBA/solder joint detection/RT-DETR/multi-scale feature fusion/upsampling/RepViT分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
李江,骆炜,陈豪,邓福钦..基于改进RT-DETR的PCBA管脚焊点缺陷检测方法[J].液晶与显示,2025,40(10):1532-1544,13.基金项目
中国科学院海西研究院2023年度"前瞻跨越"计划杰出青年项目(No.CXZX-2023-JQ05) （No.CXZX-2023-JQ05）
中国科学院海西研究院"福建省创新人才"项目(No.E539UF01)Supported by 2023 Outstanding Youth Project of the"Foresight and Leap Forward"Program of the Haixi Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.CXZX-2023-JQ05) （No.E539UF01）
"Fujian Province Innovative Talents"Project of Haixi Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.E539UF01) （No.E539UF01）
