中国肛肠病杂志2025，Vol.45Issue(9)：10-12,3.
女性肛区会阴皮下神经丛浅支分布特点的解剖与病理分析
Anatomical and Pathological Analysis of Distribution Characteristics of Superficial Branches of Perianal Subcutaneous Nerve Plexus in Female Anal Region
刘磊 1许向彤 1王进 1刘畅 1齐翠华1
作者信息
- 1. 南京中医药大学附属徐州市中医院肛肠科(江苏 徐州 221000)
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of the superficial branches of the subcu-taneous nerve plexus in the perineum of the female anal region through anatomical and pathological studies of clinical surgical specimens.Methods From June to October 2024,total 20 female patients with annular mixed hemorrhoids who were hospitalized in our hospital were selected.Specimens of hemorrhoids,extended skin,subcutaneous tissue and subcutaneous venous plexus removed during surgery were collected.According to different specimen sites,they were divided into Group A(3 o'clock in the lithotomy position),Group B(6 o'clock in the lithotomy position),Group C(9 o'clock in the lithotomy position)and Group D(12 o'clock in the lithotomy position).The distribution characteristics of the superficial branches of the subcutaneous nerve plexus in the perineum of the female anal region were analyzed.Results In Group A and Group C,the nerve bundles were relatively thick and concentrated in distribution.In the fan-shaped areas of Group B and Group D,the nerve bundles were sparsely distributed,the nerve fibers were thinner,and the nerve cell nuclei were flat and small.The nerve endings were scarce in the anterior and posterior positions of the anal region.Conclu-sion The positions of the nerves in the anal region are relatively fixed,and the main trunk of the terminal branches is located at the top of the ischial tuberosities on both sides of the anus.The superficial nerve endings are densely distributed and the connective tissue is loose in the perineal areas on both sides,which are the predi-lection sites for anal pruritus.The superficial nerve endings in the ischiorectal fossae on both sides of the anal region are rich and thick.Surgical incisions should be avoided as much as possible in this area,and electrocau-tery should be avoided even if an incision is made.The nerve endings are scarce in the anterior and posterior positions of the anal region,which are relatively pain-free areas.An arc-shaped incision should be made during surgery to prevent incision edge edema,which may compress the nerve endings and cause severe postoperative pain.关键词
肛区会阴/女性/皮下神经丛/分布特点Key words
Perineum of the anal region/Female/Subcutaneous nerve plexus/Distribution characteristics引用本文复制引用
刘磊,许向彤,王进,刘畅,齐翠华..女性肛区会阴皮下神经丛浅支分布特点的解剖与病理分析[J].中国肛肠病杂志,2025,45(9):10-12,3.
