中国农业大学学报2025，Vol.30Issue(10)：1-9,9.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2025.10.01
黑土地保护梨树模式的时代意义与展望
Black soil conservation in Northeast China:Significance and outlook of the Lishu Model
摘要
Abstract
The black soil region of Northeast China serves as the"ballast stone"for China's grain production.Due to long-term intensive and unsustainable utilization,however,the black soil has been under degradation continuously,posing a threat to national food security.Research institutions,including China Agricultural University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences,in collaboration with the agricultural technology extension department in Lishu County of Jilin Province,have innovatively developed the Lishu Model through years of research and practice.This model centers on conservation tillage technology and is supported by a novel agricultural technology extension mechanism,providing a replicable technical and promotion system for black soil conservation.Based on long-term field studies,demonstration results,and technology extension practices of the Lishu Model in the black soil region of Northeast China,this paper elaborates on the development of the Lishu Model,its core technical system,and its effects on production,ecology,and economic benefits.We also analyze the model's promotion mechanisms and challenges while envisioning its future development.Our analysis indicates that in terms of technical aspect,the Lishu Model is a conservation tillage approach tailored to China's agricultural conditions,primarily featuring straw mulching and minimal or no-tillage techniques.The core technologies include straw-mulched no-tillage with paired-row planting,straw-mulched strip rotary planting,straw-mulched no-tillage with uniform row spacing on existing ridges,and high-standing-stubble ridge-side planting.In addition,the Lishu Model establishes a"four-in-one"technology extension system,guided by national and local farmland conservation policies,driven by scientific innovation,supported by demonstration bases of the Black Soil Alliance,and facilitated by the Black Soil Forum as a communication platform.To promote the Lishu Model more effectively across broader regions,larger areas,and more crops,future efforts should focus on the following four aspects:Transitioning from strip rotary planting with straw mulching to complete no-tillage planting;Improving the Lishu Model toward regenerative agriculture;Introducing the Lishu Model to non-staple and cash crops;Expanding the Lishu Model to areas outside the black soil region.In summary,the Lishu Model provides theoretical and practical references for farmland conservation and sustainable agricultural development in China and countries and regions along the Belt and Road Initiative.关键词
梨树模式/保护性耕作/黑土地/推广体系/东北Key words
Lishu Model/conservation tillage/black soil regions/extension system/Northeast China分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李保国,朱宇博,任图生,王贵满,周虎,苗全,李社潮,王力,王影,卢奕丽..黑土地保护梨树模式的时代意义与展望[J].中国农业大学学报,2025,30(10):1-9,9.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1500700) （2022YFD1500700）
中国农业大学2115人才工程 （）
