浙江农业学报2025，Vol.37Issue(9)：1881-1890,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240872
羊肚菌WSJD-1的基质配方优化及其在广西地区的栽培技术
Optimization of substrate formulation and cultivation techniques for Morchella eximia WSJD-1 in Guangxi region of China
摘要
Abstract
To optimize the culture medium formulation for Morchella eximia strain WSJD-1 and identify key cultiva-tion techniques for Morchella sp.in Guangxi,the Plackett-Burman experiment design,steepest ascent experiments and Box-Behnken response surface methods were used to optimize the substrate composition for WSJD-1 cultivation.Based on the optimized formulation,effects of different sowing dates,seeding rates,mulching methods,and continu-ous cropping cycle on morel growth in Guangxi were investigated.The results showed that the optimal substrate for-mula for WSJD-1 was:83.0％wheat(mass fraction),10.0％sawdust(mass fraction),1.8％rice husk(mass fraction),0.3％KH2PO4(mass fraction),0.3％MgSO4(mass fraction),2.6％humus soil(mass fraction),1％quick lime(mass fraction),and 1％gypsum(mass fraction).Under this formulation,the average sclerotia dry weight reached 20.879 g per bag,representing a 14.68％increase compared with the pre-optimization baseline.Variations in sowing date,seeding rate,mulching method,and continuous cropping cycle had little influence on the time required for mycelium germination,primordium formation,and young fruiting body emergence.In Guangxi,the optimal sowing date was between November 25 th and December 2nd.The optimal seeding rate was 200 kg per 667 m2.The highest yield(0.669 kg·m-2)was achieved using a combination of white agricultural film covering the greenhouse exterior and black plastic mulch applied inside the greenhouse.Continuous cropping significantly reduced yield:yields after the 1st,2nd,and 3rd cycles of continuous cropping decreased by 47.10％,56.38％,and 64.78％,respectively,compared with the non-continuous cultivation.Furthermore,the incidence of pests and dis-eases increased markedly with the increase of continuous cropping cycles.This study clarified the optimal substrate formula for M.eximia WSJD-1 and key technical parameters for WSJD-1 cultivation in Guangxi,including the opti-mal sowing date,seeding rate,mulching method,and the impact of continuous cropping.关键词
羊肚菌/培养基/播种期/播种量/覆膜方式/菌核/栽培技术Key words
Morchella eximia/culture medium/sowing date/seeding rate/mulching method/sclerotia/cultivation technique分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
罗阳兰,黄丽玲,黄世旅,阎勇,王灿琴..羊肚菌WSJD-1的基质配方优化及其在广西地区的栽培技术[J].浙江农业学报,2025,37(9):1881-1890,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1902803-4) （2023YFD1902803-4）
广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2023YM92) （桂农科2023YM92）
创新联盟专项——科技先锋队"强农富民""六个一"专项行动(桂农科盟202408) （桂农科盟202408）
