辐射研究与辐射工艺学报2025，Vol.43Issue(5)：88-100,13.DOI:10.11889/j.1000-3436.2025-0038
雷电电磁脉冲对轿车驾驶员电磁暴露的安全评估
Safety assessment electromagnetic exposure of car drivers by lightning electromagnetic pulse
摘要
Abstract
The rapid advancement of the global automotive industry has heightened concerns regarding electromagnetic safety issues induced by lightning electromagnetic pulses(LEMP).This study utilizes COMSOL Multiphysics finite element simulation software to develop a numerical model that incorporates lightning channels,a driver,and a car,with a specific focus on electromagnetic exposure levels at varying distances.The results show that when the distance(ds)from the lightning strike origin point to the car is 11.8 m,the peak magnetic flux density(B)and induced electric field(E)in the driver's body reach 16.3 mT and 0.329 V/m,respectively,representing 60.37%and 48.74%of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection(ICNIRP)public exposure limits.In the midsagittal plane of head tissues,peak B and E values measure 14.8 mT and 0.431 V/m,corresponding to 54.81%and 63.87%of ICNIRP limits.Compared to metallic materials(steel and aluminum alloy),non-metallic materials(carbon fiber)exhibit higher magnetic field permeability,with aluminum alloy shells demonstrating superior transient magnetic field shielding effectiveness versus steel shells.The distance(ds)significantly influences electromagnetic dosage:increased distance from the lightning channel radiation source yields greater safety margins for B in head tissues,with 8 m identified as the critical safety distance.Optimal material selection proves crucial for mitigating driver electromagnetic exposure,and maintaining safe distances under LEMP conditions prevents health risks to drivers.These findings provide theoretical foundations for car electromagnetic protection design.关键词
轿车/雷电电磁脉冲/电磁暴露/车身材料/数值剂量Key words
Car/Lightning electromagnetic pulse/Electromagnetic exposure/Car body material/Numerical dosimetry分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
宋艳霞,逯迈..雷电电磁脉冲对轿车驾驶员电磁暴露的安全评估[J].辐射研究与辐射工艺学报,2025,43(5):88-100,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(52467026,51867014)和甘肃省教育厅项目(2024CXPT-11) Supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(52467026,51867014)and the Department of Education of Gansu Province(2024CXPT-11) （52467026,51867014）
