干旱区地理2025，Vol.48Issue(10)：1707-1720,14.DOI:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.030
吐哈盆地鸟类多样性的初步研究
Preliminary study of the diversity of birds in Turpan-Hami Basin
摘要
Abstract
The Turpan-Hami Basin,an arid region in northwest China,possesses a unique natural environment that has led to the development of a distinct bird community.Despite its ecological significance,the current status of the basin’s avifauna remains unclear.We initiated a study to determine the bird diversity within the region.Over six surveys in 2023 and 2024,we utilized multiple complementary methods(line transect surveys,point counts,interviews,and infrared cameras)and integrated these new data with historical records and contributions from the China Bird Report.Our survey results establish the Turpan-Hami Basin as a globally significant avian hotspot.We recorded a remarkable 295 bird species representing 22 orders and 59 families.This community con-sisted of summer visitors(44.75%,n=132),residents(31.86%,n=94),passage migrants(17.63%,n=52),winter visitors(5.42%,n=16),and vagrant visitors(0.34%,n=1).The region is particularly vital for conservation,as it hosts 11 Class I(e.g.,Oxyura leucocephala,Otis tarda,Haliaeetus leucoryphus,Falco cherrug)and 53 Class II(e.g.,Tetraogallus himalayensis,Cygnus cygnus,Grus grus,Luscinia svecica)nationally protected species.We al-so made several key discoveries:The basin is home to the Chinese endemic Podoces biddulphi,and we recorded three species for the first time in the Xinjiang region:Lanius cristatus,Lanius sphenocercus,and Cyanopica cyan-us.Habitat analysis revealed a strong association with wetlands,which contained the highest diversity,while shrublands had the lowest.The faunal similarity was highest between residential and farmland habitats,contrast-ing sharply with the low similarity between wetlands and shrubs.This high diversity and concentration of protect-ed species highlight the urgent need for a robust monitoring program to inform conservation efforts in the basin.关键词
鸟类/群落相似性/特有物种/生物多样性/吐哈盆地Key words
avian/community similarity/endemic species/biodiversity/Turpan-Hami Basin引用本文复制引用
李新宇,刘正霄,胡骞,彭于杨,王辉,李建强,叶新平,徐基良..吐哈盆地鸟类多样性的初步研究[J].干旱区地理,2025,48(10):1707-1720,14.基金项目
第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk1200)资助 （2022xjkk1200）
