南方农业学报2025，Vol.56Issue(8)：2490-2500,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2025.08.010
基于表型性状与SSR分子标记的木薯种质资源遗传多样性分析
Genetic diversity analysis of cassava germplasm resources based on phenotypic traits and SSR molecular markers
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of 114 cassava germplasm resources,so as to provide a theoretical basis for germplasm resource conservation,evaluation,and utilization.[Method]Twelve phenotypic traits(including plant height,main stem height,internode length,plant shape,root number per plant,main stem dia-meter,cortex color of main stem,epidermis color of main stem,and root skin)were measured for genetic diversity analysis across 114 Chinese and foreign cassava germplasms,and SSR fluorescent molecular markers and capillary elec-trophoresis were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of cassava.[Result]The coefficients of variation(CV)of the 12 phenotypic traits ranged from 15.73%to 81.74%,with an average of 39.86%.The highest CV was observed in fresh root weight per plant,while the lowest was observed in stem diameter.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index values ranged from 0.5671 to 2.0059,with an average of 1.4202,indicating a relatively high overall genetic diversity of the tested germ-plasms.Four phenotypic traits(main stem height,fresh root weight per plant,main stem diameter,and cortex color of main stem)were preliminarily screened from the twelve phenotypic traits with high CVs and Shannon-Wiener diversity in-dexes.Cluster analysis based on the 12 phenotypic traits showed that the 114 germplasms were classified into six catego-ries at a Euclidean distance of 20:categories I-III contained 62,38,and 5 germplasms,respectively,while each of cat-egories IV,Ⅴ and VI contained 3 germplasms.Using 28 pairs of SSR core primers to conduct PCR amplification for the 114 cassava germplasms,a total of 168 alleles(Na)were detected,with 3-14 alleles detected per primer pair(average=6);the effective number of alleles(Ne)ranged from 1.5777 to 7.1136,with an average of 3.1217;Shannon's index(I)ranged from 0.6418 to 2.1958(average=1.2712);observed heterozygosity(Ho)ranged from 0.2280 to 0.8070(average=0.5877);expected heterozygosity(He)ranged from 0.3661 to 0.8594(average=0.6444);the polymorphic information content(PIC)ranged from 0.3205 to 0.8472,with an average of 0.5978,demonstrating a high genetic diversity among the 114 cassava germplasms.Cluster analysis based on SSR molecular markers divided the cassava germplasms into nine groups:groups I-IX contained 1,1,13,4,11,7,9,15,and 53 germplasms,respectively.The cluster results for phe-notypic traits and SSR molecular markers were inconsistent,and neither pointed to a clear geographic distribution pat-tern.[Conclusion]Main stem height,fresh root weight per plant,stem diameter,and cortex color of main stem are im-portant phenotypic traits for germplasm identification and core germplasm screening,which can be applied to germplasm resource evaluation,variety innovation,and elite germplasm screening.The 114 cassava germplasms exhibit a high ge-netic diversity,and the 28 pairs of SSR core primers could effectively characterize genetic diversity and can be used to analyze relationships among germplasms.关键词
木薯/表型性状/SSR荧光标记/聚类分析/遗传多样性分析Key words
cassava/phenotypic traits/SSR fluorescent marker/cluster analysis/genetic diversity analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
丘鸿,朱莹,王明,肖鑫辉,李开绵,叶剑秋,应东山,杨延青,孟俊霖,袁爱娟..基于表型性状与SSR分子标记的木薯种质资源遗传多样性分析[J].南方农业学报,2025,56(8):2490-2500,11.基金项目
海南省自然科学基金项目(321QN318,321RC534) （321QN318,321RC534）
广西自然科学基金项目(2022GXNSFBA035456) （2022GXNSFBA035456）
海南木薯种质资源保护项目(YSH22205300168) Hainan Natural Science Foundation(321QN318,321RC534) （YSH22205300168）
Guangxi Natural Science Founda-tion(2022GXNSFBA035456) （2022GXNSFBA035456）
Hainan Cassava Germplasm Resources Protection Project(YSH22205300168) （YSH22205300168）
