贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(10)：45-53,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.10.006
贵州水牛和贵州黄牛的屠宰性能与肉品质评价
Evaluation on Slaughtering Performance and Meat Quality of Guizhou Buffalo and Guizhou Yellow Cattle
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The differences in slaughtering performance and meat quality between Guizhou buffalo and Guizhou yellow cattle were investigated to provide the scientific basis for development and utilization of buffalo beef in Guizhou.[Method]The slaughtering performance,meat quality,and composition and content of nutritional components,amino acids and fatty acids in muscle of Guizhou buffalo and Guizhou yellow cattle(Wuchuan Black cattle and Weining cattle)with the same age(36 months)under the same feeding condition were detected to evaluate the differences in slaughtering performance and meat quality between Guizhou buffalo and yellow cattle.[Result]The live weight,net meat weight,bone weight and carcass weight of Guizhou buffalo before slaughter were 434.91 kg,166.04 kg,37.32 kg and 208.24 kg,respectively,and higher than Wuchuan black cattle and Weining cattle.The eye muscle area,meat to bone ratio,net meat percentage and slaughter percentage of Guizhou buffalo were 47.33 cm2,4.45%,38.18%and 47.83%,respectively,and lower than Wuchuan black cattle and Weining cattle,but the differences between Guizhou buffalo and cattle were not significant.There were no significant differences in pH,water-holding capacity,crude protein content and moisture content between Guizhou buffalo and cattle.The muscle tenderness value of Guizhou buffalo was lower than Wuchuan black cattle but no significant difference compared with Weining cattle.The beef color of Guizhou buffalo was darker and the apparent flesh color was deeper.The vitamin E content of Guizhou buffalo was 0.49 mg/100g,and lower than Wuchuan black cattle and Weining cattle very significantly.The cholesterol content of Guizhou buffalo and Wuchuan black cattle was significantly higher than Weining cattle.The zinc and magnesium content of Guizhou buffalo,Wuchuan black cattle and Weining cattle was 36.34 mg/kg and 221.50 mg/kg,33.38 mg/kg and 204.15 mg/kg,and 40.45 mg/kg and 212.55 mg/kg,respectively.There was no significant difference in iron and selenium content among Guizhou buffalo,Wuchuan black cattle and Weining cattle.The moisture content in beef of Guizhou buffalo was 75.01%,and slightly higher than Guizhou yellow cattle.The fat content(4.70%)in beef of Guizhou buffalo was lower than Guizhou yellow cattle significantly.The crude protein content(20.45%)in beef of Guizhou buffalo was very close to Guizhou yellow cattle.The proline(0.71 g/100g)and glycine(0.99 g/100g)content in muscle of Guizhou buffalo was significantly higher than Weining cattle.The arginine content(1.21 g/100g)in muscle of Guizhou buffalo was significantly higher than Wuchuan black cattle and Weining cattle.The content of essential amino acid(EAA,6.73 g/100g),sweet taste amino acid(STAA,5.87 g/100g)and total amino acid(TAA,17.21 g/100g)in muscle of Guizhou buffalo was slightly higher than Wuchuan black cattle and Weining cattle.The EAA/NEAA(64.21%)and DTAA/TAA(42.88%)in muscle of Guizhou buffalo were slightly lower than Wuchuan black cattle and Weining cattle.There were no obvious differences in DTAA,EAA/TAA and STAA/TAA between Guizhou buffalo and Guizou yellow cattle.[Conclusion]The nutrition and taste of Guizhou buffalo are very close to Guizhou yellow cattle.The slaughter performance of Guizhou buffalo is better than Guizhou yellow cattle as a whole.The content and composition of some trace elements,fatty acids and amino acids in muscle of Guizhou buffalo are better than Guizhou yellow cattle.The beef quality of Guizhou buffalo has a great market potential.关键词
贵州水牛/贵州黄牛/务川黑牛/威宁牛/屠宰性能/肉质性能/脂肪酸/氨基酸Key words
Guizhou buffalo/Guizhou yellow cattle/Wuchuan black cattle/Weining cattle/slaughter performance/meat quality property/fatty acid/amino acid分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王鑫,吴玙彤,徐龙鑫,杨丽娟,蒋紫薇,莫本田,武俊达,刘镜,张凯凯,周文章..贵州水牛和贵州黄牛的屠宰性能与肉品质评价[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(10):45-53,9.基金项目
贵州省农业科学院"揭榜挂帅"项目"肉牛性控冻精生产关键技术研究与应用"(黔农科JBGS[2024]02号) （黔农科JBGS[2024]02号）
贵州省农业农村厅农业生产发展项目"关岭牛优异种质资源的发掘与利用"(黔财农[2024]01号) （黔财农[2024]01号）
贵州省科技重大专项"贵州黄牛提纯复壮及性控精液生产技术研究与应用"(黔科合重大专项字[2020]3009-1) （黔科合重大专项字[2020]3009-1）
贵州省科技重点项目"贵州地方黄牛种质资源挖掘与创新利用"(黔科合支撑[2022]重点027) （黔科合支撑[2022]重点027）
贵州省农业科学院青年基金(自然科学)项目"TMR中添加不同比例发酵杂交狼尾草对其品质及微生物多样性的影响研究"(黔农科一般基金[2025]48) （自然科学）
