贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(10)：83-91,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.10.010
澳洲坚果蜂蜜理化性质与挥发性成分分析
Analysis of Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Components of Macadamia Honey
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The quality characteristics of macadamia honey were explored to provide a theoretical basis for product development and quality authentication.[Method]Using common rapeseed honey and multifloral honey as controls,the moisture content,sugar composition,diastase activity,antioxidant activity,amino acid content,mineral elements,and volatile components were measured by Abbe refractometer,HPLC,UV spectrophotometry and HS-SPME-GC-MS.[Result]Macadamia honey exhibited dark brown coloration,while rapeseed honey was amber and multifloral honey light amber.There were no significant differences in moisture content among the three honeys with the moisture content of 21.47%-22.16%.Total fructose+glucose ranged from 68.26%to 85.35%.Macadamia honey showed the strongest DPPH and ABTS+radical scavenging capacities,with IC50 of 6.43 mg/mL and 1.04 mg/mL,respectively.Its proline content(252.88 μg/g)significantly exceeded that of rapeseed and multifloral honeys,confirming superior antioxidant potential.The diastase activity of macadamia honey(2.88 U/g)significantly outperformed rapeseed(1.77 U/g)and multifloral honey(1.98 U/g).19,18 and 20 amino acids were detected in macadamia,rapeseed,and multifloral honeys,respectively.Proline was dominant in macadamia(252.88 μg/g)and rapeseed honey(125.99 μg/g),while phenylalanine was highest in multifloral honey(538.32 μg/g).Macadamia honey contained significantly higher levels of K(0.918 g/kg,2.40×and 1.81×higher than rapeseed and multifloral honeys),Ca(0.040 g/kg),Mg(0.025 g/kg),Fe(6.131 mg/kg),Se(0.008 mg/kg),and Na(0.082 mg/kg).25 volatile compounds were identified across all honeys,including 6 alcohols,5 aldehydes,5 esters,5 terpenes,2 ketones,and 2 others.4 volatile compounds were shared across all 3 honeys.Macadamia,rapeseed and multifloral honeys contained 11(2,3-butanediol,linalool,DL-isoborneol,ethyl nonanoate,diethyl succinate,1,3,8-p-menthatriene,D-limonene,2,6-dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene,2,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene,caryophyllene,2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1,4-dione),3 and 5 unique volatile compounds,respectively.[Conclusion]Macadamia honey meets national and industry standards for moisture and total fructose/glucose content.Its high fructose-to-glucose ratio confers resistance to crystallization,while elevated diastase activity,strong antioxidant capacity,rich potassium content,and unique flavor profile underscore its exceptional commercial quality as a premium honey.关键词
澳洲坚果/蜂蜜/理化性质/果糖/葡萄糖/挥发性成分/矿质元素Key words
macadamia/honey/physicochemical properties/fructose/glucose/volatile compound/mineral element分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
康专苗,何凤平,郭广正,张燕..澳洲坚果蜂蜜理化性质与挥发性成分分析[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(10):83-91,9.基金项目
贵州省林木种苗培育补贴项目"澳洲坚果新品种区域试验林管护及种质引进"(2025-ZM-19) （2025-ZM-19）
贵州省林业科研项目"3个澳洲坚果优良单株种苗繁育及区域试验研究"(黔林科合[2025]07号) （黔林科合[2025]07号）
贵州山地澳洲坚果育种长期科研基地(2020132540) （2020132540）
望谟县油桐国家林木种质资源库补助项目 （）
