山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）2025，Vol.56Issue(5)：899-906,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2324.2025.05.019
烟草sua不育胞质雌蕊类型及对种子产量的影响
Tobacco Sua Sterility Cytoplasmic Gynoecium Types and Their Impact on Seed Yield
摘要
Abstract
Compared to the homotypic fertile lines,the sua cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line exhibits diverse styles and stigma morphologies,and suffers from severe flower and fruit drop during tobacco seed production.To investigate the impact of pistil types in the tobacco sua cytoplasmic male sterility line on seed yield and quality,using MS K326 as the material,this study statistically classifies and pollinates the pistil types,observes pollen germination and pollen tube growth,and records fruit-setting rate,seeds per fruit,thousand-seed weight,and germination rate.Moreover,it examines ovaries of different pistil types and calculates the effective ovule-bearing area.The results show that the pistils of MS K326 mainly fall into six categories:circular style with two-lobed stigma(similar to the fertile line),circular style with multifid stigma(three-lobed,four-lobed,and above),elongated flat style,short flat style,cracked style,and split style.As the flowering period extends,the proportion of cylindrical pistils decreases by more than 50%,while that of split-style pistils increases by more than 25%.There are no significant differences in thousand-seed weight and germination rate after pollination among different pistil types.The overall fruit set rate and seed count per fruit are:cylindrical pistils>flat style pistils>split pistils.The fruit set rate of the cylindrical pistils is above 90%,with more than 2200 seeds per fruit.Compared with cylindrical pistils,the fruit set rates of flat-styled and split-styled pistils decreases by 19.85%and 58.99%,and seed counts per fruit decreases by 46.73%and 86.63%,respectively.The pistil malformations of MS K326 gynoecium mainly result from the fusion of feminized stamens with the ovary after stamen feminization.A flattened style and a split style significantly reduce the effective ovule-bearing area of the ovary.The effective ovule-bearing area is:cylindrical pistils>flat style pistils>split pistils.Compared with cylindrical pistils,the effective ovule-bearing area of flat style and split pistils decreases by 26.73%and 50.79%,respectively,which is an important reason for the decrease in seed count of malformed pistils.The fusion growth of stamens and pistils leading to style malformation reduces pollen germination and pollen tube growth within the style,which may be an important reason for the low fruit set rate of malformed pistils.The study clarifies the impact of pollination with different pistil types in MS K326 on seed yield and the underlying reasons,providing a theoretical reference for potential yield improvement in seed production of sua sterile lines.关键词
烟草,雌蕊畸形/花粉萌发生长/坐果率,单果粒数Key words
Tobacco/pistil malformation/pollen germination and growth/fruit set rate/seed number per fruit分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
许杰,廖菊够,魏卓,杨帅,肖江海,张立猛,郑昀晔..烟草sua不育胞质雌蕊类型及对种子产量的影响[J].山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2025,56(5):899-906,8.基金项目
云南省烟草公司项目"烟草雄性不育系雌蕊畸形研究与调控"(2022530401740002) （2022530401740002）
