生物技术通报2025，Vol.41Issue(10)：6-19,14.DOI:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0548
作物高遗传力光合性状分析与高光效基因挖掘
Analysis of Photosynthetic Traits of High Heritability in Crops and Mining of High Light-efficiency Regulatory Genes
摘要
Abstract
With global climate change and population growth,improving the efficiency of crop light energy utilization has become crucial to ensuring food security.Photosynthesis serves as the core driving force for crop yield and biomass accumulation,with the conversion of light energy into chemical energy regulated by both genetic and environmental factors.However,the genetic dissection of high photosynthetic efficiency,a crucial agronomic trait,is highly complex,involving factors such as fine regulation of multiple genes and significant phenotypic plasticity,as well as the limitations of traditional photosynthetic phenotype measurement techniques,such as low throughput and strong invasiveness,which have led to slow progress in the discovery of related genes.In recent years,the integration of multi-omics technologies(genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,etc.),high-throughput phenotyping platforms(such as non-invasive dynamic detection based on drones,hyperspectral imaging,and LiDAR),and artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms(machine learning and deep learning)has provided new opportunities for systematically dissecting the complex regulatory network of crop photosynthesis.This article focuses on summarizing the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying high light-efficiency in crops,elaborating on related optimization approaches(including modification of photosynthetic apparatus,enhancement of carbon assimilation,reduction of photorespiration,and optimization of environmental responses),and,in combination with high-throughput photosynthetic phenomics and data algorithm-driven genetic dissection of photosynthetic phenotypic heritability,delves into the latest frontier strategies,technological breakthroughs,and future challenges in the mining of high-light efficiency genes in crops,aiming to provide theoretical references for the genetic improvement of crop photosynthetic efficiency.关键词
作物/高光效基因/光能利用效率/高遗传力光合性状Key words
crops/high light-efficiency genes/light utilization efficiency/high heritability photosynthetic traits引用本文复制引用
罗春梅,李艳君,陈根云,曲明南..作物高遗传力光合性状分析与高光效基因挖掘[J].生物技术通报,2025,41(10):6-19,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32170245,32260447) （32170245,32260447）
