生态环境学报2025，Vol.34Issue(11)：1760-1769,10.DOI:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.11.009
宁夏农田汞健康风险评价及其土壤环境基准
Health Risk Assessment of Mercury in Farmland in Ningxia and Its Soil Environmental Benchmarks
摘要
Abstract
Investigating the characteristics of Hg content in farmland soil-agricultural products and the associated health risks and formulating more realistic soil environmental benchmarks provides a scientific basis for regional farmland protection and pollution control.This study focused on the Ningxia section of the Yellow River Basin.A total of 859 paired soil-crop samples were synchronously collected,comprising 505 cornfield samples,78 wheat field samples,52 paddy field samples,20 potato field samples,28 orchard samples(including watermelon,apple,apricot,grape,and melon),156 vegetable field samples(including rapeseed,pak choi,broccoli,celery,eggplant,pumpkin,leek,and pepper),and 20 other grain field samples(including buckwheat,sorghum,soybean,broomcorn millet,and oat).The Hg content in major farmland soils and agricultural products in Ningxia was determined,its potential health risks to humans were assessed,and soil environmental benchmark values were derived.The results indicated that soil Hg concentrations ranged from 2.00×10-3 to 4.01×10-1 mg·kg-1,with a mean value of 3.40×10-2 mg·kg-1,exceeding the background value of Ningxia soil.The Monitoring points with maximum Hg concentrations in corn,wheat,rice,potato,fruit,vegetables,and other grain fields all surpassed the background level,suggesting some accumulation of Hg in soils at specific sampling sites within the studied area,albeit without posing a regulatory risk.The geo-accumulation index(Igeo)revealed varying degrees of Hg pollution in the soil across all agricultural product types.The non-carcinogenic risk index for children(1.51×10-3)exposed to soil Hg in different agricultural production areas was higher than that for adults(2.40×10-4),but neither indicated a non-carcinogenic risk.The mean Hg content in agricultural products was 3.37×10-3 mg·kg-1,exhibiting moderate to high variability,and was below the national food safety limit.However,Hg levels exceeded the national standard limit(GB 2762-2017)in four corn,one fruit,and six vegetable samples.Coupled with a certain degree of bioaccumulation,this warrants further attention.The health risk index associated with Hg intake via agricultural products was low,indicating no risk of foodborne diseases.The derived HC5(hazard concentration for 5%of species)values for soil Hg were 6.73×10-1 mg·kg-1 for corn fields,1.82 mg·kg-1 for wheat fields,5.10×10-1 mg·kg-1 for potato fields,1.16 mg·kg⁻¹ for orchards,1.25 mg·kg-1 for vegetable fields,and 1.22 mg·kg-1 for other grain fields.All these values are lower than the national risk screening value(3.40 mg·kg-1,GB 15618-2018),indicating that the national standard threshold for Hg in soils supporting these crop is relatively high.In contrast,the critical value for paddy soil was 1.35 mg·kg-1,which is higher than the national risk screening value(1.00 mg·kg-1),suggesting that the national standard imposes a stricter threshold for Hg in rice-growing soils within the studied area.Future efforts should strengthen Hg monitoring in the studied area,particularly focusing on the impact of anthropogenic activities such as pesticide/fertilizer application and irrigation water use.Soil environmental benchmark values for Hg should be adjusted according to the type of agricultural products.关键词
土壤/农产品/汞含量/富集系数/物种敏感性分布Key words
soil/crop/Hg concentration/concentration factor/distribution of species sensitivity分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
陈林,马成,杨玲,马琨,马建军,李虹,陈轲林,王金保,王君梅,马俊花,岳翔,梁翔宇..宁夏农田汞健康风险评价及其土壤环境基准[J].生态环境学报,2025,34(11):1760-1769,10.基金项目
宁夏农业资源环境监测与保护项目(2130135) （2130135）
第三批宁夏青年科技人才托举工程项目(TJGC2018068) （TJGC2018068）
