广东海洋大学学报2025，Vol.45Issue(5)：19-25,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-9159.2025.05.003
刺网布放时长与时段组合对莱州湾渔获物组成的影响
Impact of the Combination of Gillnet Deployment Duration and Time Period on the Composition of Catches in Laizhou Bay
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to evaluate the effects of different combinations of gillnet deployment duration and time segments on the composition of gillnet catches,providing a basis for establishing the optimal deployment time pattern for gillnet survey operations in Laizhou Bay and supporting the standardization of inshore fishery resource surveys using gillnets.[Methods]Gillnet survey comparisons with three different combinations of duration and time segments were conducted in the northwest waters of Laizhou Bay,with a total deployment duration of 12 hours(17:30―5:30).The differences in catch rate and species composition were statistically analyzed.The three experimental groups were designed as follows:Group A,deployed in different sampling areas,and divided into 3 time segments with 4 hours per segment(4 h×3);Group B,continuously deployed in the same sampling area for 12 hours(12 h×1);Group C,deployed in different sampling areas,and divided into 4 time segments with 3 hours per segment(3 h×4).[Results]All three deployment patterns successfully captured the main resource species in the survey waters.However,the 4 h×3 pattern covered more resource species.The similarity coefficient of community species between different time segments in the 4 h×3 pattern ranged from 0.47 to 0.70,which was significantly higher than the range of 0.18 to 0.53 in the 3 h×4 segmented pattern.Friedman non-parametric tests showed that the catch rates(in terms of both mass and quantity)across different time segments in the 4 h×3 pattern exhibited temporal heterogeneity(Fr=7.97,7.25;P=0.02,0.03).In contrast,no statistically significant differences were observed in the catch rates across time segments in the 3 h×4 pattern(Fr=0.17-1.21;P=0.24-0.90),indicating that the 4 h×3 pattern could more truly reflect the community structure composition.Wilcoxon rank-sum tests revealed that the catch rates(both mass and quantity)of the 4 h×3 pattern were extremely significantly higher than those of the 12 h×1 and 3 h×4 patterns(P<0.01),demonstrating that the 4 h×3 pattern could improve catch efficiency and mitigate the catch accumulation effect.ANOSIM similarity analysis indicated that there were extremely significant differences in both community mass structure and quantity structure between the three patterns(R=1,P<0.01).The differences in overall structure between the 4 h×3 group and the other two groups were greater than the differences at the individual species level.The difference between the 12 h×1 and 3 h×4 groups mainly relied on the contribution of unique species,suggesting that the community composition of the 4 h×3 pattern was more representative of the survey waters.Additionally,overall significant differences were observed in the community mass and quantity structure between different time segments within each of the two segmented patterns(R=0.79-0.86;P=0.001-0.030),and the pairwise differences were also significant(P<0.05),reflecting prominent temporal heterogeneity.The time periods of 17:30―21:30 and 2:30―5:30 were identified as the core segments contributing to the temporal differences.[Conclusion]It is recommended that the 4 h×3 combination covering both day and night periods,should be adopted as the basic survey protocol.In future studies,long-term comparative monitoring across multiple time gradients should be conducted to adjust and establish optimal combinations of deployment duration and time segments for different marine areas.关键词
刺网/渔获物/渔业资源调查/时长/时段/莱州湾Key words
gillnet/gillnet catches/fishery resources survey/duration/time period/Laizhou Bay分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
李忠义,王惠宾,韩青鹏..刺网布放时长与时段组合对莱州湾渔获物组成的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2025,45(5):19-25,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32273135) （32273135）
