电力建设2025，Vol.46Issue(11)：47-57,11.DOI:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.11.005
大语言模型支持的输变电工程BIM三维设计专家系统
Expert System for BIM 3D Design in Power Transmission and Transformation Engineering Supported by Large Language Model
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To address the issues of insufficient integration of traditional tool specifications and low efficiency in design validation in the 3D design for power transmission and transformation projects,this study explores the collaborative mechanism between BIM and large language models to construct an intelligent design assistance system that enhances dynamic specification mapping and knowledge service capabilities.[Methods]A large language model-powered BIM 3D design expert system is proposed.The Qwen 2.5 model is used to parse the specifications of power transmission and transformation projects,extract triplet structures,and build a knowledge graph.A hybrid retrieval framework is developed to dynamically map BIM component attributes with knowledge entities,enhanced by vector-based knowledge databases for improved semantic matching.RAG technology is integrated to build a question-answering system,enabling intelligent interaction between the 3D models and specification data via the BIMBase platform.[Results]The application at a Xuzhou substation demonstrated that 1)the knowledge graph triplet extraction accuracy reached 92%,2)the coverage rate of BIM component-to-specification mapping achieved 85%,and 3)the question-answering system had a response time of 1.5 s,with a professional answer accuracy of 94%(a 31.2%improvement over the baseline).[Conclusion]This study established an innovative dynamic collaboration mechanism between BIM and large language models,validating the effectiveness of knowledge graph-enhanced retrieval in power engineering design.Through bidirectional mapping between specifications and models and intelligent question-answering,the system significantly improved the design quality,providing a scalable technical paradigm for smart grids.关键词
输变电工程/大语言模型/建筑信息模型(BIM)/知识图谱/问答系统Key words
transmission and transformation engineering/large language model/building information modeling(BIM)/knowledge graph/question answering system分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
齐立忠,荣经国,张苏,何幸,李翔中..大语言模型支持的输变电工程BIM三维设计专家系统[J].电力建设,2025,46(11):47-57,11.基金项目
国家电网有限公司总部科技项目(5200-202356129A-1-1-ZN)This work is supported by State Grid Corporation of China Science and Technology Project(No.5200-202356129A-1-1-ZN). （5200-202356129A-1-1-ZN）
