摘要
Abstract
In order to improve the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage and improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the production of Chinese cabbage,Jinding Chinese cabbage variety was used as the experimental material to explore the optimal nitrogen fertilizer application rate for Chinese cabbage through the field experiments.Four treatments were set up in the experiment,namely no nitrogen zone(control,N0PK),70%optimized nitrogen zone(N1PK),optimized nitrogen zone(N2PK)and 130%optimized nitrogen zone(N3PK).The amount of nitrogen applied to the optimized nitrogen zone was 210.0 kg·hm-2,and the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in each treatment was the same,which were phosphorus fertilizers(P2O5)90 kg·hm-2,potassium fertilizers(K2O)180 kg·hm-2,all applied according to the recommended values for the local production conditions.The results showed that the moderate increase of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the plant height,girth and fresh weight of Chinese cabbage.Among them,the 130%optimized nitrogen zone achieved the maximum plant height(25.73 cm)and fresh weight(2.12 kg per plant).The yield of each nitrogen application treatment was significantly increased by 40.92%to 64.36%compared with that of the unapplied nitrogen fertilizer treatment.Nitrogen application treatments increased the soluble sugar content of Chinese cabbage to varying degrees,and highly significantly increased the nitrate content of Chinese cabbage,while highly significantly decreasing the vitamin C content.The economic benefit analysis showed that,the net yield of Chinese cabbage in the optimized nitrogen zone was 61419.43 yuan/hm2,which was not significantly different from the maximum net yield(130%optimized nitrogen zone)of 65558.17 yuan/hm2(P＞0.05).Meanwhile,the output-input ratio(4.25)of the treatment in the optimized nitrogen zone showed higher economic efficiency,which was 0.14 lower than the maximum output-input ratio(4.39).In conclusion,under the condition of fixed phosphorus and potassium fertilizer dosage(P2O5 90 kg·hm-2,K2O 180 kg·hm-2),the optimized nitrogen zone,i.e.,nitrogen fertilizer(pure N)of 210 kg·hm-2,was recommended for the production of Chinese cabbage in Changle District to achieve the best balance among yield,quality,economic benefits,and environmental sustainability.关键词
白菜/氮肥用量优化/生长/品质/经济效益Key words
Chinese cabbage/Optimization of nitrogen fertilizer application rate/Growth/Quality/Economic benefit分类
农业科技
