甘蔗糖业2025，Vol.54Issue(5)：40-48,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9695.2025.05.006
不同施肥方式对甘蔗生长、产量及糖分积累的影响
Effects of Different Fertilization Modes on the Growth,Yield,and Sugar Accumulation of Sugarcane
摘要
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effects of layered and split fertilization on the growth indicators,yield,and sugar accumulation of sugarcane,to clarify the advantages,disadvantages,and economic efficiency of different fertilization modes,and to provide theoretical and practical bases for formulating scientific fertilization schemes and high-yield,high-efficiency cultivation models in sugarcane areas of Guangxi.This research was conducted based on the conventional fertilization habits of sugarcane production in Guangxi,an experimental design with unified nutrient input and fertilizer type was adopted.For layered fertilization(1-layer,CF1;2-layer,CF2),Ezhong compound fertilizer for sugarcane(N∶P∶K=15∶15∶15)was used,with a total application rate of 6 kg per plot.For split fertilization(1-application,T1;2-application,T2;3-application,T3),the same type of compound fertilizer was used,with a total application rate of 6 kg per plot,among which T2 was conventional fertilization(control).Through a randomized block design,growth indicators of sugarcane under different fertilization modes(including emergence rate,tillering rate,plant height,stem diameter,and number of effective stems)were measured;the variation characteristics of yield,brix,and sugar content and economic analysis were analyzed.Results showed that,for layered fertilization:compared with CF1,CF2 increased plant height by 5.8%and the number of effective stems by 4.4%,but the differences were not significant.It also increased yield by 5.17%,brix by 1.8%,and net profit by 0.73%,while there was no significant difference in sugar content.For split fertilization:T3(3-application,base fertilizer+light hilling+heavy hilling)had the most significant promotion effect on the yield of newly planted sugarcane,increasing yield by 10.81%and net profit by 9.16%compared with T2.Although T1(1-application,full amount of base fertilizer)had the lowest yield(94.20 t/hm2),it had the highest sugar content(14.29%);however,due to sugar factories in Guangxi pricing by variety instead of sugar content,its net profit was relatively low.In conclusion,for sugarcane areas in Guangxi,2-layered fertilization(CF2)is recommended as the base fertilizer application mode,which balances yield and profit.It is necessary to support mechanical fertilization to reduce labor costs,so that the advantage of net profit can be further highlighted.Split fertilization should be combined with sugarcane type and production objectives:for newly planted sugarcane pursuing high yield,T3(3-application,yield increased by 10.81%compared with T2)is recommended;for ratoon sugarcane pursuing a balance between high sugar and profit,T1(1-application,maximum net profit of 34700 yuan/hm2)is recommended;and for balancing yield and sugar content,T2(conventional 2-application fertilization)is uniformly recommended.关键词
甘蔗/施肥方式/分层施肥/分次施肥/产量/糖分Key words
Sugarcane/Fertilization mode/Layered fertilization/Split fertilization/Yield/Sugar content分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
文俊丽,董伟清,廖洁,甘崇琨,卢星高,吴建明,周慧文,周忠凤,范业赓,赖振光,吴宗猛,吴延勇,陈荣发,邓宇驰..不同施肥方式对甘蔗生长、产量及糖分积累的影响[J].甘蔗糖业,2025,54(5):40-48,9.基金项目
国家现代农业产业体系广西创新团队项目(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-03) （nycytxgxcxtd-2021-03）
广西科技计划项目(农业农村领域)(桂科农AB24153007) （农业农村领域）
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2025YP018、桂农科2025YP023) （桂农科2025YP018、桂农科2025YP023）
