海相油气地质2025，Vol.30Issue(5)：401-412,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2025.05.002
非洲碳酸盐岩分布与油气成藏条件
Distribution and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of carbonate rocks in Africa
摘要
Abstract
Carbonate rocks in Africa are characterized by extensive distribution along continental margins and scattered occurrences in the continent.Carbonate rocks are primarily distributed in rift basins and continental margin rift basins along the Tethyan margin of North Africa.Due to widespread marine transgressions during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic,North Africa remained in a passive margin or epeiric sea environment,in favor of extensive carbonate deposition.They also occur in passive continental margin basins of West and East Africa,although with limited continuity and thickness due to narrow continental shelves and high fluvial input.Scattered carbonate deposits are found within intraplate rifts and ancient cratonic basins,which are dominated by mixed clastic-carbonate sedimentation.Carbonate rocks are concentrated in the Cretaceous and Cenozoic,with localized occurrences in the Jurassic,and extremely limited prior to the Paleozoic.The accumulation conditions in African carbonate basins can be classified into three types:(1)The Sirte Basin and Pelagian Basin have vertical stacking of mudstones,carbonates,and evaporites due to multiple cycles of rifting,inversion,and sea-level fluctuations,indicating excellent petroleum systems in the Cretaceous and Cenozoic sequences.(2)The Kwanza Basin and Lower Congo Basin of West Africa have petroleum assemblage of lacustrine source rocks,lacustrine carbonates,and overlying evaporite seals,in addition,reservoirs with underlying lacustrine source rocks,overlying marine carbonates and mudstones developed.(3)The Eratosthenes isolated platform generated biogenic reef due to the inherited paleo-uplifts and suitable sea levels.There has an appropriate hydrocarbon system of Upper Cretaceous deep-sea source rocks,reef carbonate reservoirs,and Miocene evaporite seals.关键词
碳酸盐岩/成藏条件/被动大陆边缘/裂谷盆地/非洲Key words
carbonate rocks/hydrocarbon accumulation conditions/passive continental margin/rift basin/Africa分类
石油、天然气工程引用本文复制引用
肖坤叶,周鸿璞,欧亚菲,陈忠民,蔺子墨,索晓飞,陈亚京,马雪莹,赵宁..非洲碳酸盐岩分布与油气成藏条件[J].海相油气地质,2025,30(5):401-412,12.基金项目
本文受国家科技重大专项"新一轮全球油气资源智能化评价与综合选区技术"(编号:2025ZD1400800)资助 （编号:2025ZD1400800）
