海相油气地质2025，Vol.30Issue(5)：515-526,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2025.05.011
南海新生代碳酸盐台地分布特征及控制因素
Temporal-spatial distribution characteristics and controlling factors of the Cenozoic carbonate platforms in the South China Sea
摘要
Abstract
The carbonate platforms that have been widely developed in the South China Sea during the Cenozoic Era not only contain abundant oil and gas resources,but also record important paleo-climate and paleo-environmental information,which are of great scientific significance for understanding the regional tectonic evolution and sedimentary responses of the South China Sea(SCS).Based on the drilling data and high-resolution seismic interpretation,this paper systematically analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the Cenozoic carbonate platforms developed in the South China Sea,and also discusses the synergistic controls of tectonic paleogeography,relative sea-level fluctuations,sediment supply,and paleoclimate on the development and distribution of the carbonate platform under compressional,extensional,and strike-slip tectonic settings,corresponding to the subduction and cessation of the Paleo-South China Sea,the progressive expansion of the Neo-South China Sea,and the strike-slip fault system along the western of the SCS.The research reveals that:(1)Based on the tectonic stress conditions,the Cenozoic carbonate platforms in the SCS can be classified into five major platform groups:the Dongsha platform group in the northern SCS,the Guangle-Xisha platform group along the western margin,the Wan'an-Zengxi slope platform group in the southwestern margin,the Luconia platform in the southern margin,and the Liyue-Palawan platform group in the southeastern margin of the SCS,exhibiting a general pattern of"the southern carbonate platforms developed earlier than the north,the eastern carbonate platforms developed earlier than the west,and most of them mainly developed during the Miocene".(2)Based on regional tectonic settings and ocean-continent position variations,the Cenozoic carbonate platforms in the SCS are classified into three types tectonic settings:compressional,extensional,and strike-slip,under each tectonic setting both shelf-margin platforms and isolated platforms are developed.The distribution of the Cenozoic carbonate platforms in the SCS was primarily controlled by regional tectonic activities and fault systems,terrestrial clastic sediment supply,and relative sea level fluctuations.The tectonic setting and fault systems determine the location and basic types of the platforms,the substantial input of terrigenous clastics from large river-delta systems significantly inhibits the development of shelf-margin carbonate platforms,while exerting limited impact on isolated platforms,and the relative sea-level fluctuations control accommodation space changes,thereby regulating the growth patterns,structural evolution,and spatial distribution of biogenic reefs.This study provides critical theoretical support for deep-water hydrocarbon exploration,global climate change research,and oceanic carbon sequestration.关键词
碳酸盐台地/分布特征/控制因素/新生代/南海Key words
carbonate platform/distribution characteristics/controlling factors/Cenozoic/the South China Sea分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
田洪训,范国章,王红平,左国平,王雪峰,杨志力,张强,张远泽,李丽..南海新生代碳酸盐台地分布特征及控制因素[J].海相油气地质,2025,30(5):515-526,12.基金项目
本文受"十五五"国家重大专项课题"南海远海构造沉积差异演化与有利凹陷及勘探方向优选"(编号:2025ZD1402705)和中国石油科技专项课题"南海构造演化与沉积充填机制研究"(编号:2024ZZ56-1)联合资助 （编号:2025ZD1402705）
