Takotsubo综合征的回顾和研究进展OA

Takotsubo syndrome is a reversible cardiomyopathy that predominantly affects middle-aged and elderly women.It is triggered by psychological or physical stressors,leading to a massive release of catecholamines and resulting in apical ballooning changes.Since its initial documentation over three decades ago,its diagnostic criteria,pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment strategies have been continuously revised and updated,and the latest international expert consensus was released in 2024.The pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome involves myocardial stunning,which causes heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.Treatment should be individualized based on its diverse triggers and complications.This article reviews the classic theories and recent research advances in Takotsubo syndrome,focusing on analyzing its typical electrocardiographic characteristics and the electrocardiographic differences used for differential diagnosis.