摘要
Abstract
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of syphilis in Macau and to provide feasible recommendations for developing syphilis prevention and control measures.Methods Syphilis case data from the Macau Health Bureau from 2016 to 2023 were collected and epidemiologically analyzed in terms of temporal distribution,population characteris-tics,clinical stages,and titer levels.Results From 2016 to 2023,the Macau Health Bureau re-ported 392 cases of syphilis,with an average of 49 cases per year and an annual incidence of ap-proximately 7.2/100 000.The number of cases increased from 2016 to 2019 and decreased from 2020 to 2023.The male-to-female ratio was 2.56∶1,with an average annual incidence rate of 11.5/100 000 for males and 3.76/100 000 for females.The number of syphilis cases increased with age,with the peak incidence occurring in the 30～39 age group.Among the 197 cases from Kiang Wu Hospital,latent syphilis predominated,accounting for 48％of cases.Among cases of symptomatic syphilis,primary syphilis accounted for 9％,secondary syphilis for 23％,and tertia-ry syphilis for 3％.The top three titer distributions were 1∶2(16.7％),1∶32(13.2％),and 1∶1(12.2％),respectively.Conclusions Over the past eight years,the incidence of syphilis in Macau has shown an upward and then downward trend,with a higher incidence among males,a predominance of young and middle-aged people,a high proportion of latent syphilis,and fluctua-ting temporal trends.Syphilis screening and health education should be strengthened for young and middle-aged men to improve early diagnosis ability of latent syphilis.At the same time,preven-tion and control strategies should be adjusted according to the temporal trends of the epidemic to control the spread of syphilis and reduce its harm to the public.关键词
梅毒/流行病学/预防控制Key words
syphilis/epidemiology/prevention and control
