林业科学2025，Vol.61Issue(10)：164-174,11.DOI:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240444
西藏雅鲁藏布江流域越冬斑头雁种群数量变化及活动特征
Population Dynamics and Movement Characteristics of Wintering Bar-headed Geese in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin,Xizang
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to understand important distribution sites,population dynamics,habitat use,and movement characteristics of Anser indicus(bar-headed geese)in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin,so as to provide a basis for formulating conservation strategies for both the bar-headed geese population and their habitats,as well as to develop monitoring and control measures for avian influenza.[Method]Three comprehensive surveys of the bar-headed geese were conducted with the same survey methods and routes,and the survey area covered 16 districts or counties within the jurisdiction of Xigaze,Lhasa and Shannan.Nyemo and Rinbung counties,where there is almost devoid of bar-headed geese because of the terrain,were used as the dividing lines by which the survey area was divided into east and west.Investigators scanned the surrounding area with a telescope along the riverside,farmland and marshes,and other places where bar-headed geese inhabit,and recorded the numbers of bar-headed geese population and the survey time,habitat type and distance from investigators by dosimeter.The non-parametric Kruskal-Walli's method was used to test the significance of the population size of bar-headed geese and the number of individuals in different habitat types.The detailed activity locations of bar-headed geese in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin were obtained by satellite tracking,and R software was used to calculate the activity areas and analyze whether there was significant difference in the home range size and their habitat use between daytime and nighttime.[Result]1)The wintering population of bar-headed geese remained relatively stable in 2014 and 2018,with 66 729 and 65 261 individuals,respectively,and the population increased to 90 987 individuals in 2022.Lhunzhub in Lhasa and Samzhubze in Xigaze were the two key regions with the largest wintering bar-headed goose populations of more than 20 000 individuals.2)Although the maximum recorded population size of bar-headed geese was 9 265 individuals,the majority of population sizes was less than 300 individuals,with fewer populations exceeding 1 000.There were significant differences in sizes among different populations.3)The utilization of different habitats by bar-headed geese varied across years,however,they consistently showed a strong preference for wintering in unplowed barley fields,along with a high reliance on marshes,followed by farmland and natural waters.At the same time,satellite tracking results also showed that bar-headed geese mainly occurred in farmland and grassland during the daytime,and preferred to roost overnight on a shallow beach in a nearby river or reservoir.There was no significant difference in the home range size between daytime and nighttime.4)The activities of bar-headed geese in the eastern and western of the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin were relatively independent,yet an indirect connection existed via the Nyangqu River located in Gyantse county.[Conclusion]In the recent year,the increase of bar-headed geese populations may be associated with the expansion of suitable habitats,especially the increase of farmlands,which have the barley left in the fields after the winter harvest,and the growing winter wheat crops that provide additional food sources for the wintering geese.In addition,this study has also showed that the communication between the wintering bar-headed geese in the east and west of Yarlung Tsangpo River basin is limited,however,considering that geese frequently move between Lhasa and Shannan,and between various regions of Xigaze,it is recommended that the relevant local departments set up a multi-sectoral and multi-regional joint prevention and emergency control mechanism to carry out the monitoring,prevention,and control of avian influenza in an efficient and scientific manner in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin of Xizang.关键词
斑头雁/种群数量/活动特征/卫星跟踪/雅鲁藏布江流域Key words
Anser indicus/population size/activity characteristics/satellite tracking/Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
贾茹,李迪强,张国钢,王毅花,王秀磊,于红妍,马存新,李全亮,孙戈,徐红英,刘冬平..西藏雅鲁藏布江流域越冬斑头雁种群数量变化及活动特征[J].林业科学,2025,61(10):164-174,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目项目(32070530) （32070530）
祁连山国家公园青海省管理局. （）
