林业科学研究2025，Vol.38Issue(5)：59-72,14.DOI:10.12403/j.1001-1498.20250034
文冠果油用品种在甘肃引种的结果表现和果实性状特征
Fruit Yield and Phenotypic Characteristics of Introduced Xanthoceras sorbifolium Varieties in Gansu
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study investigated the fruiting performance and fruit phenotypic characteristics of 12 introduced oil-producing varieties of Xanthoceras sorbifolium in Lanzhou,Gansu Province,to provide a scientific basis for selecting high-yield cultivars.[Method]A total of 19 fruit traits were assessed across the 12 varieties using variance analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis to evaluate inter-varietal differences and trait relationships.[Result]All 12 varieties began fruiting in the second year after introduc-tion.Notably,after apical bud pruning,abundant lateral inflorescence fruiting was observed across the test site.Significant differences were found in fruit and seed yield among varieties.'Zhongshi 1','Zhongshi 4','Zhongshi 9',and'Senmiao'exhibited higher seed yields and stronger fruiting capacities.In terms of over-all fruit quality,'Senmiao','Zhongshi 4',and'Guanhong'performed best under the conditions in Lanzhou.The tested 19 quantitative fruit traits showed significant differences among 12 varieties,with trait variation among varieties generally greater than that within varieties.Among these traits,fruit number and seed yield exhibited the highest coefficients of variation(>50%),followed by fruit weight and seed weight(>20%).In contrast,seed dry-to-fresh weight ratio and kernel oil content showed the least variation(～4%).Correlation analysis revealed varying degrees of association among traits.Traits such as fruit weight,fruit length,fruit width,seed weight,seed length,seed width,seed number per fruit,seed ratio of fruit and fruit number per plant exhibited strong correlations with over half of the measured traits.In contrast,traits in-cluding locule number,fruit stalk length,total seed yield,seed dry-to-fresh ratio,kernel-to-seed ratio,and kernel oil yield showed weak or few significant correlations.Cluster analysis grouped the 12 varieties into three distinct types:(1)small fruit&small seed type,(2)medium to large fruit&medium seed type,and(3)medium to large fruit&large seed type.[Conclusion]The introduced X.sorbifolium varieties exhibited significant variation in fruit phenotypic traits and seed yield.Varieties from the'Zhongshi'series and'Sen-miao Yellowhorn'demonstrated strong fruiting performance and yield potential,providing valuable refer-ence material for cultivation and regional promotion in Gansu Province.关键词
文冠果/新品种/果实表型性状/结果表现Key words
Xanthoceras sorbifolium/varieties/phenotypic traits of fruit/fruit-bearing performance分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
柴春山,张洋东,赵军营,李德丽,薛睿,张文秀,魏强..文冠果油用品种在甘肃引种的结果表现和果实性状特征[J].林业科学研究,2025,38(5):59-72,14.基金项目
甘肃省重点研发计划项目"油用文冠果无性系品种引种评价研究"(23YFNA0006) （23YFNA0006）
中央财政林草科技推广示范项目"文冠果育苗及高效栽培技术示范推广"(甘[2023]ZYTG012号) （甘[2023]ZYTG012号）
甘肃省林草局2024年省级财政防沙治沙科技支撑项目《北方防沙带甘肃文冠果产业升级关键技术研究与集成示范》(甘林规函[2023]754号). （甘林规函[2023]754号）
