绿洲农业科学与工程2025，Vol.10Issue(4)：1-11,11.DOI:10.26941/j.cnki.2096-2177.2025.04.001
滴施有机酸对新疆绿洲棉田钾素活化及其生长调控效应的影响
Effects of Organic Acid Fertigation on Potassium Activation and Growth Regulation in Cotton Fields of the Xinjiang Oasis
摘要
Abstract
Organic acid drip application is an effective approach to activate insoluble potassium pools in oasis cotton fields of Xinjiang.This study aimed to evaluate the regulatory effects of organic acid types and application rates on soil potassium activation and cotton growth under field conditions,providing a scientific basis for improving potassium use efficiency in oasis cotton systems.A field experiment was conducted from April to October 2023 in Shihezi,Xinjiang,using cotton cultivar"Xinshi K18".Three organic acids-oxalic acid(OA),citric acid(CA),and malic acid(MA)—along with a mixed acid(HA)were applied at three levels(2 475,4 950,and 7 425 L·hm-2)based on an equivalent H⁺ supply(2 mol·L-1),plus a control(CK),totaling 13 treatments.The study investigated the effects of organic acid types and dosages on cotton growth,photosynthetic characteristics,yield,potassium use efficiency,and soil potassium apparent balance.The results show that,organic acid application significantly enhanced cotton growth.Compared with CK,CA-3 increased plant height by 16.6%～23.6%at the squaring,flowering,and boll-opening stages,stem diameter by 12.2%～18.5%,The dry matter quality during the flocculation period increased by 1.07%,55.32%and 13.7%respectively in terms of bud formation,flowering and flocculation.Photosynthetically,CA-2 significantly improved net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and stomatal conductance(gs),while HA-2 enhanced non-photochemical quenching(ΦNPQ).Yield analysis revealed that CA-3 achieved the highest seed cotton yield(6 744.4 kg·hm-2),an 18.3%increase over CK,along with superior potassium uptake(308.1±9.63 kg·hm-2),agronomic potassium efficiency(KAE,5.98 kg·kg-1),and potassium use efficiency(KUE,39.69%)(P＜0.05).Potassium balance analysis indicated that high-level applications(CA-3,OA-3)accelerated soil potassium release,reducing available potassium,non-exchangeable potassium,and apparent potassium surplus(9.7 kg·hm-2).Linear regression confirmed significant positive correlations(P＜0.001)between potassium surplus and soil potassium fractions,demonstrating enhanced potassium availability under organic acid application.Drip application of citric acid(0.2 mol·L-1 H⁺)at 7 425 kg·hm-2 in oasis cotton fields reduced soil available and non-exchangeable potassium content while minimizing apparent potassium surplus,offering an effective strategy for improving cotton yield and potassium use efficiency in Xinjiang.关键词
有机酸滴施/棉花生长/光合特性/钾肥利用率/钾素表观平衡Key words
organic acid fertigation/cotton growth/photosynthetic characteristics/potassium use efficiency/apparent potassium balance分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王国栋,石磊,吕宁,杨国江,李云霞,高志建,李全胜..滴施有机酸对新疆绿洲棉田钾素活化及其生长调控效应的影响[J].绿洲农业科学与工程,2025,10(4):1-11,11.基金项目
新疆生产建设兵团科技创新人才计划(2022CB003-03) Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Science and Technology Innovation Talent Program(2022CB003-03) （2022CB003-03）
