煤田地质与勘探2025，Vol.53Issue(10)：56-67,12.DOI:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.25.05.0397
煤炭开采有效隔水土层固结释水机理及矿井涌水量预测
Mechanisms behind consolidation-induced water release from effective impermeable soil layers and mine water inflow prediction in coal mining
摘要
Abstract
[Background]In the Yushen mining area,coal mining is gradually shifting toward areas with thick soil lay-ers.This leads to continuous water release from the saturated soils above the hydraulically conductive fracture zones,thereby significantly increasing the burden of mine water drainage.Focusing on the Yushuwan Coal Mine in northern Shaanxi,this study investigated the mechanisms behind mining-induced water release from effective impermeable soil layers and predicted mine water inflow.[Methods]Using conventional hydrochemistry,isotopic hydrochemistry,and a high-throughput microbial sequencing method,this study conducted qualitative and quantitative identification of the primary water sources of a mine in the Yushuwan Coal Mine.Through water pressure tests,this study characterized the additional stress field in the overall subsidence zone that hosts effective impermeable soil layers during coal mining.By analyzing the diagram showing effective stress in soil layers,this study examined the characteristics of the additional ef-fective stress in the effective impermeable soil layers after water drainage of bedrock aquifers.Accordingly,this study established a model to calculate consolidation-induced water release from effective impermeable soil layers under dual driving forces of mining and water drainage,thus elucidating the water release process.Additionally,this study pro-posed a method for predicting direct-indirect mine water inflow and validated its reliability by comparison with four stat-istical models for water inflow prediction.[Results and Conclusions]Conventional hydrochemistry,isotopic hydro-chemistry,and the high-throughput microbial sequencing method determined that the loess layers in the Lishi and Baode formations accounted for 50.71％,61.08％,and 57.00％,respectively and that bedrock aquifers in the Zhiluo Formation represented 49.29％,38.92％,and 43.00％,respectively.Among these,the results of the isotopic hydrochemistry and the high-throughput microbial sequencing method proved more reliable.Forces driving the consolidation-induced water re-lease from effective impermeable soil layers consisted of mining-induced additional stress in the overall subsidence zone and the additional effective stress resulting from water drainage of the underlying aquifers.The formier was determined at 0.2 MPa,while the latter was affected by the thickness of the impermeable soil layers and the hydraulic head height.Based on one-dimensional consolidation theory,this study revealed that the consolidation-induced water release process can be divided into three stages:slow growth,stable growth,and growth decay.Durations for the consolidations of over 95％of loess in the Lishi Formation and over 95％of laterite in the Baode Formation in the study area were calculated at 329 days and 17 833 days,respectively.By integrating the water inflow calculation formula in the big well method and the equation for consolidation-induced water release,this study proposed a comprehensive formula for predicting mine water inflow from direct and indirect water-filling aquifers in mines.It was predicted that the mine water inflow would reach 1 215.59 m3/h after 3 years,which approached to the result obtained using the statistical prediction method(1 229.40 m3/h).This study can serve as a reference for zonal water inflow prediction and water hazard prevention and control in water-preserved coal mining zones of the sand-soil-matrix type.关键词
保水采煤/有效隔水土层/附加应力/固结释水/涌水量预测/榆神矿区Key words
water-preserved coal mining/effective impermeable soil layer/additional stress/consolidation-induced wa-ter release/water inflow prediction/Yushen mining area分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
李涛,高颖,范立民,杨军伟..煤炭开采有效隔水土层固结释水机理及矿井涌水量预测[J].煤田地质与勘探,2025,53(10):56-67,12.基金项目
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2024]一般140,黔科合基础MS[2025]100) （黔科合支撑[2024]一般140,黔科合基础MS[2025]100）
贵州省教育厅自然科学研究项目(黔教技[2024]345号,黔教技[2025]001号) （黔教技[2024]345号,黔教技[2025]001号）
陕西秦创原特厚煤层保水开采"科学家+工程师"创新团队建设项目(2024QCY-KXJ-055) （2024QCY-KXJ-055）
