气象2025，Vol.51Issue(10)：1215-1225,11.DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2025.040301
不同核化过程对雷暴云放电过程影响的数值模拟研究
Numerical Simulation Study on Effects of Different Nucleation Parameterizations on Electrification in Thunderstorms
摘要
Abstract
In recent years,the interaction between aerosols and thunderstorm electrification has emerged as a focal point in academic research.Homogeneous nucleation of soluble aerosol droplets and heterogeneous nucleation of ice nuclei are two primary sources for ice crystal formation.The size and concentration of ice crystals in thunderstorms significantly influence charge generation and distribution,and are critical factors in lightning events.This paper employs a three-dimensional thunderstorm model to investigate the impact of three distinct ice nucleation schemes on lightning discharge characteristics,focusing on a mountain weak thunderstorm case.The results demonstrate that homogeneous nucleation generates a substantial number of ice crystals in the low-temperature zones at the cloud top,resulting in prolonged discharge duration within the thunderstorm.The charge structure is predominantly dipolar,with a lower lightning frequency,primarily consisting of cloud flashes originating from higher altitudes.In contrast,heterogeneous nuclea-tion forms ice crystals in high-temperature zones,leading to an earlier charging process in thunderstorms.Ice crystals in these zones readily meet charge reversal conditions,significantly increasing the negative non-inductive charging rate and favoring the formation of tripolar charge structures.Under these conditions,lightning occurs earlier and initiates from relatively lower altitudes,with heterogeneous nucleation facilita-ting lightning occurrence.When both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation processes occur simulta-neously,the thunderstorm charging process intensifies,resulting in a high lightning frequency.Further-more,both nucleation processes advance the initial lightning occurrence time and expand the height range of the initial lightning trigger points.The tripolar charge structure promotes the occurrence of a substan-tial number of negative cloud-to-ground flashes.关键词
核化过程/同质核化/异质核化/闪电频次/数值模拟Key words
nucleation process/homogeneous nucleation/heterogeneous nucleation/lightning frequency/numerical simulation分类
大气科学引用本文复制引用
师正,陈浩琛,樊艳峰,曲凯悦,崔雪东,陈家豪,王玉莹..不同核化过程对雷暴云放电过程影响的数值模拟研究[J].气象,2025,51(10):1215-1225,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金重点项目(42030606)、中国气象局雷电重点开放实验室开放课题(2024KELL-A004)和浙江省自然科学基金联合基金项目(LZJMZ24D050009)共同资助 （42030606）
