四川农业大学学报2025，Vol.43Issue(5)：1170-1178,9.DOI:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.202504638
水氮协同效应对农田温湿度和玉米叶片水分动态及产量的影响
Effects of Water and Nitrogen Synergy on Farmland Temperature and Humidity,Maize Leaf Water Dynamics,and Yield
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to systematically investigate the interactive effects of water and nitrogen application on maize leaf water physiology,field microclimate,and yield formation,and to elu-cidate the underlying mechanisms,thereby providing scientific and theoretical support for high-yield maize cultivation in Guangxi.[Method]A split-plot design was adopted with water regime as the main plot factor,including rainfed(relying solely on natural rainfall)and supplemental irrigation(drip irriga-tion triggered when soil moisture drops below 60%of field capacity)conditions.Nitrogen application rate(kg/hm2)was set as the sub-plot factor with five levels:0(N0),150(N150),200(N200),250(N250),and 300(N300).Field measurements included soil water potential,air relative humidity,leaf water potential,leaf relative water content,and grain yield,to analyze the integrated effects of water and nitrogen on the maize growth environment and productivity.[Result]Both water regime and nitrogen rate significantly influenced air relative humidity,soil water potential,leaf water potential,and leaf relative water content.Under supplemental irrigation,the increase in air relative humidity was more pro-nounced than under rainfed conditions across nitrogen levels.Under rainfed conditions,soil water poten-tial at N250 and N300 increased by 37.90%and 39.86%,respectively,compared to N0.Under irriga-tion,the corresponding increases were 44.94%and 51.69%,significantly higher than those under rain-fed conditions.Leaf relative water content and leaf water potential increased significantly with nitrogen ap-plication,with greater improvements under irrigation than under rainfed conditions.Notably,under irri-gation with N250,leaf water potential and relative water content were significantly higher than those un-der rainfed conditions even at N300.Water regime,nitrogen rate,and their interaction significantly af-fected maize yield and its components.Compared to the rainfed N300 treatment,irrigation with N250 in-creased grains per ear,1 000-grain weight,and yield by 4.12%,5.37%,and 8.06%,respectively.[Conclusion]Supplemental irrigation combined with a nitrogen rate of 250 kg/hm2 effectively improves maize leaf water status and field microclimate,promotes favorable grain filling,and ultimately enhances maize yield.关键词
玉米/叶片水分/空气温度/相对湿度/产量Key words
maize/leaf water/air temperature/relative humidity/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
黄雅,韦琳琳,王桂阳,周凤珏,周勋波..水氮协同效应对农田温湿度和玉米叶片水分动态及产量的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2025,43(5):1170-1178,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31760354) （31760354）
广西自然科学基金(2025GXNSFAA069813、2017GXNSFAA198036). （2025GXNSFAA069813、2017GXNSFAA198036）
